Skip to content
AcquiredAcquired

Complexity Investing & Semiconductors with NZS Capital (Extended Cut)

Of our 65+ sources for the TSMC episode, one stood above the rest: a wonderful Knowledge Project episode with Brinton Johns and Jon Bathgate of NZS Capital laying out the state of the semiconductor market. When coincidentally we met Brinton a week later, we knew fate was telling us we had to dig deeper. It turns out NZS has a lot more to teach Acquired than just about semis! Here we dive into their fascinating philosophy of "complexity investing", which was born out of their interactions with the world-famous Santa Fe Institute (of W. Brian Arthur and Increasing Returns fame!)... and of course we also throw in some semiconductor shop-talk for good measure. :) Full episode page at https://www.acquired.fm/episodes/complexity-investing-semiconductors-with-nzs-capital If you love Acquired and want more, join our LP Community for access to over 50 LP-only episodes, monthly Zoom calls, and live access for big events like emergency pods and book club discussions with authors. We can't wait to see you there. Join here at: https://acquired.fm/lp/ Sponsors: Thanks to SoftBank Latin America for being our presenting sponsor for this special episode. If you are an entrepreneur, employee, other investor or simply someone who's interested in learning about the best young companies in LatAm right now, get in touch with them at: https://bit.ly/acquiredsoftbanklatam , and tell them that Ben and David sent you! You can get in touch with their portfolio company Banco Inter and their CEO João Vitor Menin at https://www.linkedin.com/in/joãovitormenin/ Thank you as well to Modern Treasury and to Fundrise. You can learn more about them at: https://bit.ly/acquiredmoderntreasury (and you can find our reverse interview with them at https://www.moderntreasury.com/acquired ) https://bit.ly/acquiredfundrise Links: NZS Capital: https://www.nzscapital.com The Santa Fe Institute: https://www.santafe.edu NZS's white paper on Complexity Investing: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ca38f3216b6405d11e3d4b4/t/60131df6a8d27d63432ea5ff/1611865607574/Complexity_2021update-v9pt2.pdf Brinton & Jon on The Knowledge Project: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6NUO_bymuA Twitter: Brinton: https://twitter.com/bjohns3 Jon: https://twitter.com/jbathgate Brad: https://twitter.com/bradsling *‍Note: Acquired hosts and guests may hold assets discussed in this episode. This podcast is not investment advice, and is intended for informational and entertainment purposes only. You should do your own research and make your own independent decisions when considering any financial transactions.*

Ben GilberthostDavid RosenthalhostBrinton Johnsguest
Nov 2, 20211h 59mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

NZS Capital explains complexity investing, resilience, optionality, and semiconductors today

  1. NZS Capital grounds its investing philosophy in complexity theory: markets and companies are complex adaptive systems with emergent behavior, making precise prediction unreliable and pushing investors toward adaptability and resilience.
  2. They run a barbell-like portfolio: a concentrated “resilience” bucket of durable compounders and a diversified “optionality” bucket seeking asymmetric payoffs, with occasional “root MOS” positions that combine both.
  3. A major lens is “non-zero-sumness” (NZS): favor companies that create more value than they take across customers, partners, employees, society—arguing this increases duration and long-term compounding.
  4. They apply these ideas to semiconductors as foundational “oxygen” of the information age, discussing TSMC’s ecosystem role, ASML/EUV, Moore’s Law’s evolution (packaging/chiplets), and key differences among Samsung, TSMC, Intel, and catalog analog players like Texas Instruments.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Prediction is a weak foundation in complex systems; adaptability is the edge.

Because markets exhibit emergent behavior, NZS emphasizes building portfolios and theses that can survive many futures rather than requiring a single precise forecast to be correct.

Resilience investing targets duration—steady compounding for decades.

They favor “set it and forget it” businesses (e.g., Microsoft, TSMC) with mission-criticality, switching costs, scale flywheels, and network effects, aiming for long runways more than near-term maximization.

Optionality investing is about asymmetry, not batting average.

In the optionality sleeve, it’s acceptable to be wrong often if a smaller number of winners deliver multi-bagger outcomes; portfolio construction is designed so failures don’t “torpedo” results.

Conviction often disguises overconfidence and sunk-cost bias.

They treat “high conviction” language as a cultural risk that can harden views and slow course-correction; instead they write theses down, define key leverage points, and encourage fast admission of error.

Power laws and fat tails break traditional risk models.

They critique Gaussian-based frameworks (Modern Portfolio Theory) using non-ergodicity examples: the “average” outcome can look positive while most participants go bankrupt, implying risk must be managed for tail events.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

Complex adaptive systems are all around us... emergent behavior makes predicting useless in most cases.

Brinton Johns

They found that about half the ants in the colony weren't doing anything... they're optimized around longevity... resilience.

Brinton Johns

We named the firm NZS Capital... we're looking for non-zero sumness, so looking for a win-win outcome for all constituencies.

Jon Bathgate

Valuations... force predictions. I have to believe a lot more at ten times sales than I do at ten times earnings.

Brinton Johns

A recession is a terrible thing to waste.

Brinton Johns (quoting TI CEO Rich Templeton)

Complex adaptive systems and emergent behaviorResilience vs optionality portfolio constructionNon-zero-sum businesses and shared valuePower laws, fat tails, and non-ergodicityMoats vs value creation (leaving money on the table)Semiconductor ecosystem: TSMC, ASML, EDA, equipmentMoore’s Law: EUV, gate-all-around, chiplets, packaging

High quality AI-generated summary created from speaker-labeled transcript.

Get more out of YouTube videos.

High quality summaries for YouTube videos. Accurate transcripts to search & find moments. Powered by ChatGPT & Claude AI.

Add to Chrome