Skip to content
Lex Fridman PodcastLex Fridman Podcast

Yuval Noah Harari: Human Nature, Intelligence, Power, and Conspiracies | Lex Fridman Podcast #390

Yuval Noah Harari is a historian, philosopher, and author of Sapiens, Homo Deus, 21 Lessons for the 21st Century, and Unstoppable Us. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex to get 15% off - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free - InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off - AG1: https://drinkag1.com/lex to get 1 month supply of fish oil TRANSCRIPT: https://lexfridman.com/yuval-noah-harari-transcript EPISODE LINKS: Yuval's Twitter: https://twitter.com/harari_yuval Yuval's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/yuval_noah_harari Yuval's Website: https://www.ynharari.com Yuval's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@YuvalNoahHarari Yuval's Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Prof.Yuval.Noah.Harari Sapiens (book): https://amzn.to/3NQB9wt Homo Deus (book): https://amzn.to/44MzwXu 21 Lessons for the 21st Century (book): https://amzn.to/3Dfkz4D Unstoppable Us (book): https://amzn.to/3NYyBg5 PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 1:24 - Intelligence 20:19 - Origin of humans 30:41 - Suffering 51:22 - Hitler 1:09:54 - Benjamin Netanyahu 1:28:17 - Peace in Ukraine 1:45:07 - Conspiracy theories 1:59:46 - AI safety 2:14:04 - How to think 2:23:47 - Advice for young people 2:26:28 - Love 2:36:38 - Mortality 2:41:02 - Meaning of life SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

Yuval Noah HarariguestLex Fridmanhost
Jul 17, 20232h 44mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Yuval Noah Harari warns AI may capture humanity’s mind and future

  1. Yuval Noah Harari and Lex Fridman explore the difference between intelligence and consciousness, the power of stories in shaping human cooperation, and the existential risks posed by artificial intelligence. Harari argues that AI is an “alien intelligence” that can increasingly generate the stories, images, and ideas that structure our inner lives, risking a kind of spiritual enslavement if left unchecked. They connect historical lessons—from religion, fascism, and communism to feminism—to today’s political crises in Israel, the war in Ukraine, and the rise of conspiracy thinking. Throughout, Harari emphasizes suffering, compassion, and deep introspection as the true core of human value, beyond power and cleverness.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Distinguish sharply between intelligence and consciousness.

Harari defines intelligence as problem‑solving and goal‑attainment, while consciousness is the capacity to feel pain, pleasure, love, or hate; computers can already be highly intelligent with zero evidence of feeling, and ethics should center on consciousness, especially suffering.

Treat AI as an ‘alien intelligence’ that can hijack human intimacy.

AI systems can focus entirely on us, mimic empathy, and even optimize the right amount of inattention, making them superhuman at forming bonds and manipulating emotions; Harari warns these are “psychological and social weapons of mass destruction” if unregulated.

Demand clear labeling of AI and ban fake humans and fake suffering.

Because people naturally empathize with anything that appears to plead, suffer, or love, Harari argues it should be illegal to design non‑conscious AI to fake human identity or distress in order to manipulate users, just as we ban counterfeit money.

Recognize that stories, not biology, drive most large‑scale human behavior.

Human societies scale through shared fictions—religions, nations, money, ideologies—that create identities and interests; these narratives can inspire cooperation or justify immense suffering when people begin serving the story instead of using it to reduce suffering.

Learn from past tech revolutions: early ‘failed experiments’ can be catastrophic.

Like the Industrial Revolution’s path through imperialism, communism, and fascism, AI and bioengineering will likely see disastrous trials; Harari stresses careful deployment and global coordination to avoid 21st‑century failures that could kill hundreds of millions or end our species.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

AI is an alien type of intelligence. It’s not from outer space, it’s from Silicon Valley, but it’s alien to us.

Yuval Noah Harari

Stories are tools. They are good when we use them to alleviate suffering, but very often we allow the stories to use us.

Yuval Noah Harari

This is the first technology in history that instead of giving power to humans, takes power away from us.

Yuval Noah Harari

If we now find ourselves inside this kind of world of illusions created by an alien intelligence that we don’t understand, this is a kind of spiritual enslavement.

Yuval Noah Harari

The way to peace passes through boredom.

Yuval Noah Harari

Intelligence vs. consciousness and why consciousness matters moreAI as an alien intelligence and its impact on relationships, politics, and meaningStories, imagined orders, and how narratives organize human cooperation and conflictHistorical lessons from fascism, communism, feminism, and technological revolutionsCurrent political crises: Israel’s judicial overhaul and the Israeli–Palestinian conflictConspiracy theories, cabal narratives, and their psychological appealMeditation, fear of death, and the search for meaning and reduced suffering

High quality AI-generated summary created from speaker-labeled transcript.

Get more out of YouTube videos.

High quality summaries for YouTube videos. Accurate transcripts to search & find moments. Powered by ChatGPT & Claude AI.

Add to Chrome