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From Zapier for Devs to Powering 90% AI Agents

Trigger.dev lets developers add AI agents to their products with a simple SDK — handling execution, long-running workflows, and reliability so they don't have to. The company just announced their Series A from Standard Capital, and over 90% of their usage now comes from agent workflows. In this episode of Founder Firesides, co-founders Matt and Eric sat down with YC's Nicolas Dessaigne to talk about three versions of the product before finding product market fit, how building async infrastructure for two years accidentally put them in the perfect position for the agent era, and why they think the future of computing is programmatic checkpoint and restore — freezing and resuming compute on demand. http://trigger.dev/ Apply to Y Combinator: https://www.ycombinator.com/apply Work at a startup: https://www.ycombinator.com/jobs 00:00 What Trigger.dev does 00:55 Zapier for developers (v1) 04:14 The first pivot 06:36 Finding product-market fit 10:43 Real customer use cases 18:00 Open source as agent marketing 23:14 Hiring after Opus 4.5 27:41 Shipping quality code with agents 31:17 Advice for new founders

Nicolas DessaignehostMattguestEricguest
May 9, 202633mWatch on YouTube ↗

EVERY SPOKEN WORD

  1. 0:000:55

    What Trigger.dev does

    1. ND

      [upbeat music] I'm here with Matt and Eric from Trigger.dev, who recently announced their Series A from Standard Capital. And today we're gonna spend a bit of time talking about their time in YC, their product, and where they think software is headed. Hi, guys. Welcome.

    2. MA

      Hey, good to see you. [laughs]

    3. ER

      Thanks for having us.

    4. ND

      Guys, lots to talk about, but before we get into any of that, maybe just start by describing what Trigger.dev is.

    5. MA

      Yeah. So it's a way to basically add AI agents to your, your product. Um, so you use our SDK, and you create agents, and you add them to your existing product. Um, and we will, like, execute them for you and run them reliably.

    6. ND

      That makes a lot of sense, but it, it's fairly different from what I remember you pitching when you joined YC in 2023. Uh, maybe let's, let's start by just talking about the first versions of that idea when you applied to YC.

  2. 0:554:14

    Zapier for developers (v1)

    1. MA

      Yeah. So we, we actually pivoted pre-YC, but we, we launched the first version of Trigger.dev, I think on, like, February the 1st, so, like, quite early in the batch. Um, and it was an async background jobs framework. So if you wanna run work in the background, um, we would, like, do that for you.

    2. ER

      Although we pitched it as Zapier for developers, and it was sort of the, the meme at the time was, like, there was three or four different things that were Zapier for developers, and we were sort of the first one to, like, capture that. But, um, yeah, we had a big, uh, Hacker News launch that went really well.

    3. ND

      I remember that.

    4. ER

      Yeah.

    5. MA

      Yeah.

    6. ND

      Yes. And, uh, you guys came in with the Zapier for developers.

    7. MA

      Mm.

    8. ND

      Uh, you got into YC. I remember being, uh, really impressed with your sense of design. Like, it was pretty clear looking at your website, uh, that you were... A, you had a really good sense of what developers would get excited about, which is, I think, why you did so well on Hacker News.

    9. MA

      Mm.

    10. ND

      But everything just looked, uh, like it was done with care.

    11. MA

      Mm.

    12. ND

      Uh, w- y- where did that come from?

    13. MA

      That's a good question. I mean, uh, we... there are actually four co-founders, um, and Dan and James are, like, really good at UX and design. Um-

    14. ER

      It might be the Britishness, maybe. I don't know.

    15. MA

      [laughs]

    16. ND

      [laughs]

    17. MA

      Could be. Could be.

    18. ND

      The Jony Ive kind of thing?

    19. ER

      Yeah.

    20. MA

      [laughs]

    21. ND

      [laughs]

    22. ER

      Jony Ive.

    23. MA

      Yeah, I guess we really value design. We think the best developer tools actually care about design. And when we say design, I'm not talking just visual design. I also think that, like, developer experience is actually about design, um, like, designing the experience so that it's easy to succeed.

    24. ND

      Hm.

    25. MA

      Um, and we spend... Probably the hardest conversations we have, um, around the product are, like, how to design this, like, specific SDK function and make it so dev- it's very, very hard for developers to, like, fail when they use it.

    26. ND

      Hm.

    27. MA

      Um, so we're very, very careful about that. Um-

    28. ND

      I remember during the batch how much time you spent specifically on just, just the landing page and trying to, trying to communicate what Trigger did. You had this, uh, you had this, like, code snippet on the landing page.

    29. MA

      [laughs]

    30. ND

      It was the first thing you saw when, when you open, when you opened it up, and you spent a long time trying to, I, I think, highlight specific sections, and, um, that was, that was the hardest I had seen anybody think about the first five seconds that a developer has, uh, learning about your tool.

  3. 4:146:36

    The first pivot

    1. MA

      Yeah. So I think the first use cases, because we were kind of positioned as this, like, Zapier for developer things, were kind of what I would call back office, um, things. So things like internal teams were building tools using us. Um, they were, like, replacing what Zapier is good for.

    2. ND

      Hm.

    3. MA

      Um, but we pretty quickly realized that the best use cases were where people were actually, like, baking us into their products.

    4. ND

      Hm.

    5. MA

      Um, and so version two of, uh, Trigger, which we released, like, a couple of month- a few months after the batch, um, was more focused on that. So it was more about adding, uh, async tasks to your existing product. So less back office use case, more embedded in your product.

    6. ND

      So what's an example of, of kind of the, the back office background task you had in mind when you designed the first version, and, and, and what's an example of a baking this straight into the product-

    7. MA

      Yeah

    8. ND

      ... use case?

    9. MA

      So back office stuff would be, like, you're automating stuff with... For, for developers for, like, automating GitHub, um, maybe doing-

    10. ND

      Ah

    11. MA

      ... some marketing use cases. So it's like the, it's the-

    12. ER

      Sales.

    13. MA

      Yeah. It's like biz ops and sales and marketing, the stuff that, like, a lot of people use Zapier for, um, and, like, NAN and things like that. And then baking into your product, it's more that you, um, you are actually executing code that's part of your product. So rather-

    14. ER

      Like doing something for your users. You know, your user has done something, and now you wanna do something sort of in the background asynchronously, like process a document or, um-

    15. ND

      Oh, interesting

    16. ER

      ... you know, encode a video-

    17. ND

      Interesting

    18. ER

      ... or do something like that. It's like, so it's, it's in the hot path of your, like, app that provides value directly to your users-

    19. ND

      Sure

    20. ER

      ... not providing value to your team.

    21. ND

      Fair enough.

    22. ER

      Yeah.

    23. ND

      You, you've basically given developers a really simple way to spin up a background process and-

    24. ER

      Yeah

    25. ND

      ... get something done.

    26. ER

      Yeah, and run it through queues and make sure, you know, things are reliable and retry and idempotent and all that sort of thing. Yeah.

    27. ND

      That makes, that makes a lot of sense.

    28. MA

      And I think because there, there was this shift to serverless, um, over the previous, like, 10 years, um, that stuff became a lot harderUm, like it's really good at doing short-lived like request response, um, stuff, but not very good for long-running tasks. And so it kind of left like a big gap. Um, and that's what we were filling basically.

    29. ND

      How well was this adopted, right?

    30. MA

      [laughs]

  4. 6:3610:43

    Finding product-market fit

    1. MA

      It w- it did okay.

    2. ER

      It, it was okay.

    3. MA

      It did okay.

    4. ND

      Okay.

    5. MA

      But it definitely wasn't like product market fit. Um-

    6. ND

      Fair enough

    7. MA

      ... and so, and I think partly it's because it just wasn't solving the problem that well.

    8. ND

      Huh.

    9. MA

      Like we f- there was definitely like demand-

    10. ND

      Mm

    11. MA

      ... but we, so I think the market was there, but the product didn't really match. And I think two really important things changed. Uh, one was that, uh, AI started to take off. Um, and it just so happens that async tasks are, background async tasks are very, very useful for AI. And then the other thing is that we realized that our solution wasn't very good, and it wasn't very good because it involved you writing still quite messy code.

    12. ND

      Mm.

    13. MA

      Um, and we decided to actually start executing code, um, and that was version three of the product, which we released in, uh, June 2024.

    14. ER

      Yeah, summer '24.

    15. MA

      Um, and that's when stuff started to really take off.

    16. ND

      So it sounds like version two, you gave developers an SDK, but they were still executing these background jobs on their infrastructure.

    17. MA

      Yeah.

    18. ND

      And in version three you offloaded the e- the execution entirely to your infrastructure.

    19. MA

      Yeah.

    20. ER

      Yeah. We actually did a poll when we were doing version two, and I asked, you know, our customers like, "Where is the code executing it? Are we executing it or are you executing it?" I think 60% thought we were executing it, [laughs] so like they already thought we were doing it.

    21. ND

      [laughs]

    22. ER

      Yeah. So we were like, "Maybe we should do it." [laughs]

    23. MA

      [laughs]

    24. ND

      Uh, and so, and so I was y- I was going to ask if you had trouble kind of convincing developers to trust you to handle this execution, but what-

    25. MA

      Yeah

    26. ND

      ... it sounds like is they already thought you were doing it. [laughs]

    27. ER

      There, there was definitely like a sub-

    28. MA

      We thought we would

    29. ER

      ... there was a subset of people-

    30. MA

      Yes

  5. 10:4318:00

    Real customer use cases

    1. MA

      Makes sense

    2. ER

      ... basically.

    3. ND

      Interesting. So, so, ma- and maybe can you give us an example here just again to make this concrete, like what was-

    4. MA

      Yeah

    5. ND

      ... what were some of these early use cases, uh, that, that your, your customers were, were sort of pulling your product towards?

    6. MA

      Yeah. So, so there's a company called icon.com, and they're basically replacing video ad companies.

    7. ND

      Mm.

    8. MA

      So you go on and you upload some assets of your product, and then you describe what you want your video ads to be like.

    9. ND

      Mm.

    10. MA

      And then they use Trigger to like process the assets, so classify them, and then also just like generate videos.

    11. ND

      Mm.

    12. MA

      Um, and you get like hundreds of adverts spat out, and then you can give feedback on those adverts, and eventually you post them to TikTok and Instagram. Um, so that's like a good example of how to use Trigger.

    13. ND

      And, and in that, in that f- workflow, the end user uploads all of these assets, and then Icon hands the job to Trigger.

    14. MA

      Mm-hmm.

    15. ND

      Trigger does this sort of long-running workflow of processing all of the things they've uploaded, then generating new assets.

    16. MA

      Mm-hmm.

    17. ND

      Uh, and then, you know, you send a like, "Hey, we're done," and it, you hand it back to, to, to Icon?

    18. MA

      Yeah. In, in real time you can see all the assets being processed, but then the, that's kind of, there's kind of two p- in fact, we talk about this a lot.

    19. ER

      Yeah.

    20. MA

      There's kind of two parts to building successful agents. There's the like context that you need.

    21. ND

      Yes.

    22. MA

      And then there's the actual, like the moment where you're doing something with that context. And so this is a perfect example, because in the case of Icon, the context is like all of the assets.

    23. ND

      Mm-hmm.

    24. MA

      Um, and then the actual generation phase is where the user describes what kind of advert they want to make.Um, and it pulls the correct context, and then it generates new data, like maybe it generates AI actors, um, for their video. Um, and it, in r- in both cases, you want real-time feedback.

    25. ND

      Uh, so it, it sounds like Trigger's actually being used to kind of do the agent loop here, where the users, once, once the context has been uploaded, the user's able to say, "No, I want, you know, a video ad that does X," or, "I, you know, I'd like one that looks like this."

    26. MA

      Yeah, and human in the loop, by the way, is like a critical part of that.

    27. ND

      Interesting.

    28. MA

      Um, so you have this thing running, and then it can pause and ask for feedback.

    29. ND

      Yes.

    30. MA

      Um, it could be from a human, it could be from another agent.

  6. 18:0023:14

    Open source as agent marketing

    1. ND

      Ah.

    2. ER

      Right?

    3. ND

      Okay.

    4. ER

      Whereas before we were seeing a lot of people using us very poorly.

    5. ND

      Mm.

    6. ER

      And a l- we have done some, a lot of work as well in the last six months, so maybe part of it is that to basically be more like LLM friendly.

    7. ND

      Yeah.

    8. ER

      We, you know, built a MCP server. All, all of our docs, like, we've like kind of fleshed them out better for agents and-

    9. ND

      Skills

    10. ER

      ... and skills and like we've done all those things. So that's probably part of it. But I think just because the, also the agents, the coding agents are getting much better-

    11. ND

      Mm

    12. ER

      ... that they're able to use us better. And so they're, our users, the vibe coders are running into less issues.

    13. ND

      Got it.

    14. ER

      So they're actually doing better now.

    15. ND

      So when you say the bifurcation has, has gone away-

    16. ER

      Yeah

    17. ND

      ... you don't mean that they've all dropped off and stuff?

    18. ER

      No, no, they're still there.

    19. ND

      What you mean is like they're, you're, you're less able to distinguish between-

    20. ER

      Yeah, yeah

    21. ND

      ... the, like, serious devs versus-

    22. ER

      Yeah

    23. ND

      ... the vibe coders.

    24. ER

      Yeah, because we could tell before.

    25. ND

      Hm.

    26. ER

      It was very obvious.

    27. ND

      Hm.

    28. MA

      Yeah, the support. There were like two types of support-

    29. ND

      Yes

    30. MA

      ... that we would [laughs] have. There'd be people who clearly had never written software before. Um, and especially when this first started happening, they were struggling because the product was definitely not built for them.

  7. 23:1427:41

    Hiring after Opus 4.5

    1. ND

      the best kind of feedback loop is-

    2. ER

      Yeah

    3. ND

      ... uh, to be totally honest. And I, and I guess, like, there's this really virtuous cycle where, uh, the more you use the product, uh, the better pr- the product becomes, and the easier it is to automate a bunch of work within your own company.

    4. ER

      Yeah.

    5. ND

      Um, maybe let's talk a little bit about that. How have you thought about hiring in this world?

    6. MA

      Yeah. So, so we, we, uh, raised our Series A, like, last, like, November time. Um, and you know, our hiring plan has materially changed since then. Um, we're definitely not going to be hiring as many engineers as we were going to. As quickly-

    7. ND

      Oh, meaning in November you had planned to hire a lot of engineers, and at this, at this moment, which is, is February-

    8. MA

      Yeah

    9. ND

      ... early February 2026-

    10. ER

      Post Opus 4 point post.

    11. MA

      Yeah.

    12. ND

      Yes.

    13. MA

      Yeah. Basically, with the release of-Uh, better, like the better planning tools and Opus 4.5

    14. ER

      And Claude code improvements

    15. MA

      Yeah

    16. ER

      Yeah

    17. MA

      Like our productivity per engineer is, I don't know, 5X-

    18. ER

      Mm

    19. MA

      ... 10X what it was before. Um, and so we have hired people, um, and we will hire some more people, but definitely much less aggressively than we were going to.

    20. ND

      What have you done in order to make it easier for the team to work with Cl- like, you've been working on this product for two and a half years, uh, you know, and this is not a, this is no longer a greenfield project.

    21. MA

      Mm.

    22. ND

      I'm assuming you have like a, a reasonably large code base now that is fairly hairy. How, what have you done to make it easier for the engineers on your team and yourselves to work with coding agents in that code base?

    23. ER

      Um, to be honest, you don't have to do that much anymore. [laughs]

    24. ND

      [laughs]

    25. ER

      Like it's sort of the, you know, the, they're so good.

    26. ND

      Yeah.

    27. ER

      The agents are so good, and we, the, you, i- it will, it will figure it out by itself. I mean, obviously we do the obvious stuff, right? Like we build, you know, we have all the Claude MD and Agents MD files and all, all that sort of thing, and we've, we've, um, developed our own like internal sort of tools and skills-

    28. ND

      Mm

    29. ER

      ... and things like that that give people like re- really, you know, stuff that we commonly do, and stuff that's like very specific about our repo and all that. But it's just, yeah, y- you kind of like, you- we almost were like lazy to the point of like letting the [laughs] models like catch up, and now, you know, we don't have, there's not a bunch of stuff we have to do to get [laughs] to be good. It's just already good.

    30. ND

      Fair enough.

  8. 27:4131:17

    Shipping quality code with agents

    1. MA

      crazy.

    2. ND

      A lot of the criticism around, uh, uh, the use of AI coding agents in, in large code bases is that they t- they just tend to produce slop. Like unwieldy, hard to maintain code and, and maybe unwieldy product experiences too. And you guys strike me as, as founders who more than most care about th- the really small details of how your product looks and feels. How do you and your, your engineers use coding agents to produce such high quality software? Have you had to think about that?

    3. ER

      Mm.

    4. MA

      Yeah, definitely. I think there's a lot of aspects to that. One is, um, I think you still need like good components. Um, if we're talking about like the front end side of things-

    5. ND

      Okay

    6. MA

      ... I still think you need like high quality components. You don't want AI to create like the component from scratch each time.

    7. ND

      Hmm.

    8. MA

      Um, so like we have a really strong design system, um, that we use, and we obviously adapt it over time. Um, I think our bottleneck right now is actually more on the review side. Like we can generate a ton of code-

    9. ND

      Yes

    10. MA

      ... um, but the quality control and review, and that review is both like reviewing whether the code is good and then like kind of de-slopping it, um, and using AI to do that, but also, um, like UX.

    11. ND

      Yeah. And it, so do you have a process for this? Is it, is it just you, you know, the founders kind of going through everything with a fine-tooth comb? Have you built a pi- a pipeline to try and, and make that easier?

    12. MA

      We use, we've been like evolving this a lot. We use good code review tools.

    13. ER

      Yeah.

    14. MA

      Um-

    15. ER

      With Dev- with the new Devon, uh, code review is very good for this.

    16. ND

      Okay.

    17. ER

      Um, and we kind of combine a few different ones. Uh, it depends on what you're doing, like which kind of, um, like problems you would run into with the, the, like using the code agents. I think one of the mistakes you might make by like using coding agents is just viewing them as something that would, uh, write your code.

    18. ND

      Mm-hmm.

    19. ER

      But what you can use them for is like a bunch of stuff around writing your code.

    20. ND

      Yeah.

    21. ER

      So like maybe, uh, oh, you might think of like, oh, I wanna like start using this other thing. We'll benchmark it against this per- the thing we're using now, right? Uh, see how it uses the CPU. Like is it more efficient, less efficient?

    22. ND

      Mm.

    23. ER

      Like that's a lot of work-

    24. ND

      Hmm

    25. ER

      ... usually.

    26. ND

      Yes.

    27. ER

      But like while you can do that with AI within a few minutes.

    28. ND

      Yes.

    29. ER

      And now you've, you've now increased your knowledge about like what is a good thing to include in your code or not.And you would probably wouldn't have done that before. You might have just like YOLO'd it and just been like, "I, well, hopefully it'll work better," right? And we have like our prod sort of observability stuff, and it'll tell us, right? But now it's like, well, I can move a lot of that analysis earlier because it won't take me a week to write the benchmark.

    30. ND

      Yes.

  9. 31:1733:52

    Advice for new founders

    1. ER

      we can't share him.

    2. MA

      Fair enough.

    3. ER

      [laughs]

    4. MA

      Well, there's your moat. [laughs]

    5. ER

      [laughs]

    6. ND

      Right now at YC, we're gearing up for the spring batch, and that means we're gonna have a whole bunch of new founders coming in, uh, that are in a similar position to the one that you were in at the beginning of winter '23, uh, three years ago. Do you have any advice?

    7. ER

      I mean, it's gonna sound a lot like the YC advice, but, uh, I really think shipping early is, is probably the most important thing you can do.

    8. ND

      Mm.

    9. ER

      And, and actually... 'Cause once you ship, then you can actually learn what people want.

    10. ND

      Yeah.

    11. ER

      It's easy like to sort of, yeah, talk to people before you're shipping, and obviously that's very important, but shipping and having something out there and having something that people can pay for and having feedback and bugs and all that stuff, like you- you'll learn sort of the constraints of whatever you're trying to do, and maybe you'll learn that like, oh, you had some downtime, and no one emailed you about it, or no one sent you a message about it. So it's like, oh, maybe we're not building something important.

    12. ND

      Mm.

    13. ER

      It's like stuff that you just, you, you can only learn by shipping. So it's not like anything super like innovative, but it is just like please listen to YC's a- advice and, and actually ship as early as you possibly can.

    14. MA

      I think knowing when to carry on as well is really challenging.

    15. ND

      Mm.

    16. MA

      So like we, you know, version one, um, like there were some signs that there was like a real problem there.

    17. ND

      Mm.

    18. MA

      Um, and then with like version two of the product, there was, there were more signs, but we didn't have product market fit. And I mean, it was two years-

    19. ND

      Mm

    20. MA

      ... uh, before we had product market fit, but we kind of kept going, um, 'cause I think there was just enough like hope that there was like a re- there was a real problem here, but we just couldn't, couldn't quite solve it. And I think it's very hard to call like when should we like give up and pivot?

    21. ND

      Where did that intuition come from?

    22. MA

      I think we, we had had the problem ourselves-

    23. ND

      Yeah

    24. MA

      ... before, and so we had felt the pain personally. Um, so we, deep down, we, we really felt like it was a worthwhile problem to solve.

    25. ER

      Yeah, and we sort of knew we like weren't, weren't maybe quite there yet.

    26. ND

      Yeah.

    27. ER

      And, but we knew like it w- there's something here, and we, we knew it because like, yeah, we had felt the, the pain for all those years building other things.

    28. MA

      But being really, really close to customers I think is, is the other piece of advice. Again, it's like classic YC advice. But, um, like if you are talking to them every day and getting their feedback, you will, you will realize things that you would never have realized like in, in a vacuum on your, on your own.

    29. ND

      Guys, I really enjoyed this. Thanks for spending some time with me. That's it.

    30. ER

      Thanks for having us.

Episode duration: 33:52

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