
No Priors Ep. 49 | With Shopify VP of Core Product Glen Coates
Sarah Guo (host), Glen Coates (guest), Elad Gil (host)
In this episode of No Priors, featuring Sarah Guo and Glen Coates, No Priors Ep. 49 | With Shopify VP of Core Product Glen Coates explores shopify VP Glen Coates on AI Copilots, Commerce Data, and Scale Shopify VP of Core Product Glen Coates discusses how Shopify integrates founders and acquired products while reorganizing its structure to reduce duplicated systems and accelerate execution. He explains how AI is being embedded across Shopify—through products like Sidekick and Shopify Magic—to lower the barrier to entrepreneurship by acting as a copilot rather than fully autonomous agent. Coates dives into nerdy but crucial foundations like revamping Shopify’s product data model, AI-powered product taxonomy, semantic search, and AI-driven image editing to make small merchants perform like large retailers. He also reflects on the broader AI ecosystem, including agent interfaces (e.g., Rabbit), LLM-native search, and the tension between factual answers and opinionated recommendations.
Shopify VP Glen Coates on AI Copilots, Commerce Data, and Scale
Shopify VP of Core Product Glen Coates discusses how Shopify integrates founders and acquired products while reorganizing its structure to reduce duplicated systems and accelerate execution. He explains how AI is being embedded across Shopify—through products like Sidekick and Shopify Magic—to lower the barrier to entrepreneurship by acting as a copilot rather than fully autonomous agent. Coates dives into nerdy but crucial foundations like revamping Shopify’s product data model, AI-powered product taxonomy, semantic search, and AI-driven image editing to make small merchants perform like large retailers. He also reflects on the broader AI ecosystem, including agent interfaces (e.g., Rabbit), LLM-native search, and the tension between factual answers and opinionated recommendations.
Key Takeaways
Use founders as decisive product leaders, not just absorbed executives.
Shopify intentionally puts former founders into key product roles, leaning into their strong opinions and willingness to ‘own the buck’ to avoid design-by-committee stagnation and keep the company product-first.
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Aggressively identify and collapse duplicate systems at the same stack layer.
Coates describes how seemingly small side projects (like order editing or invoicing) can unintentionally recreate core engines (like checkout), forcing every team and customer to pay the complexity tax until leadership ‘eats the vegetables’ and consolidates them.
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Anchor AI strategy in mission: remove friction so more people can start businesses.
Shopify uses AI not as a gimmick but as a way to help non-experts—like someone struggling to write product descriptions or structure a catalog—get over the activation energy needed to launch and run a store.
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Keep humans in the loop to manage risk while learning fast.
All current Shopify Magic features can propose but not commit changes; merchants must click save or send, generating rich feedback signals (accepted, edited, rejected) that improve models without risking merchants’ businesses.
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Invest in boring-but-critical foundations like data models and taxonomy.
Shopify is overhauling its core product data model to support many more variants and embedding a standard taxonomy with AI-driven category and attribute detection, which materially improves on-site search, external channel performance, and merchant revenue.
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Leverage multimodal AI and embeddings to make small merchants’ search feel ‘Google-grade.’
By combining text, images, and structured attributes with tuned embeddings, Shopify can support semantic queries like “Christmas-themed shoes” or “something to wear to a wedding,” even when those exact phrases never appear in product text.
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Expect a long, hard climb from impressive demos to production-grade agents.
Coates notes that you can get an LLM agent to ~75% usefulness in minutes, but the last 20%–25% reliability—what’s needed for a trusted copilot—requires years of iterative work on data, evaluation, RAG pipelines, and model selection.
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Notable Quotes
“You can get an LLM agent to 75% in 10 minutes, and then it's this brutal hill climb to get it to 95%.”
— Glen Coates
“AI is probably one of the most powerful opportunities for more people who would otherwise be daunted by having to learn the switches.”
— Glen Coates
“We like taking risks that are risks to us. We don't like taking risks that could break someone's business.”
— Glen Coates
“Sometimes you actually don't notice that two things are in fact at the same layer of the stack until much later on.”
— Glen Coates
“It's like trying to take the foundations of a house and rearrange them while the house is still on top.”
— Glen Coates
Questions Answered in This Episode
How does Shopify decide when duplicated systems in the stack have become costly enough—internally and for merchants—that it’s worth triggering a painful consolidation project?
Shopify VP of Core Product Glen Coates discusses how Shopify integrates founders and acquired products while reorganizing its structure to reduce duplicated systems and accelerate execution. ...
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What metrics and evaluation frameworks is Shopify using to measure Sidekick’s progress from ‘75% demo’ to ‘95% trusted copilot’ across diverse merchant use cases?
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How might Shopify’s AI-driven taxonomy and attribute inference change third-party ecosystems like apps, themes, and marketing tools that rely on product data today?
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At what point would Shopify feel comfortable moving from human-in-the-loop AI suggestions to fully autonomous actions for merchants, and what safeguards would be required first?
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Given the differences between factual and opinionated queries, how is Shopify thinking about future merchant and buyer expectations around AI search versus traditional keyword and filter-based discovery?
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Transcript Preview
(music plays) Hi, listeners, and welcome to another episode of No Priors. Today, we're joined by Glen Coates, the VP of product at Shopify, where he leads the core developer platform, including all of their AI products that we'll get into today. Before he was a leader at Shopify, Glen was the founder of Handshake, a B2B e-commerce platform that was acquired by Shopify in 2019. We're excited to talk about how AI is changing e-commerce and entrepreneurship as well as innovation at scale and leading at Shopify. Welcome, Glen.
Thanks for having me.
So, lots of fun stuff today. Let's definitely cover your personal story quickly since you're also a former founder, one of several at Shopify now. Can you give us some of your background?
I- I was a comp sci grad. I spent the early part of my career in video games, and then I had a weird left step in my career where I moved to San Diego in 2008 to run the US operations of an eco-friendly shopping bag company. You know, like, you take your own bags to the store, that whole thing. Anyway, this company did a whole bunch of wholesale. They sold a lot of bags through stores, and through that I ended up, um, getting to the idea for Handshake. And Handshake was a- initially a very, like, sales rep-focused B2B e-commerce product, but then became both for sales reps and for customers to buy online. So Handshake eventually became basically a B2B-only version of Shopify, like a wholesale-only version of Shopify. So it's not hard to join the dots from there to after, you know, building Handshake for better part of nine years here in New York, the opportunity came up to, uh, join forces with Shopify, and then I've been at Shopify for almost fi- it'll be five years in May. I started out very much focused on- on B2B and wholesale, which was obviously the point of the acquisition. I spent about a year doing that. I then moved on to focus... uh, I- I ran a- a code red on checkout in 2020, which was the first year of the pandemic, and then since the end of that, um, I've been leading the kind of core product group at Shopify, which is- um, you could think of it as all of the built-ins of Shopify, the online store, the checkout, the back office, the developer platform, the app store, um, uh, and yeah, that's- that's what I do at Shopify.
Lots of- lots of good stuff. What's a code red look like?
A code red is when Toby sends an email to the entire company saying, "This thing is the number one priority," and he means it. (laughs) From an actual operational perspective, what that really means is if the team that's working on this code red asks you to help, please drop what you're doing and help. This is the number one priority. So that's how they work, but usually a code red is a symptom of some other much more systemic problem that's gotten you to that point. At least in my case, checkout code red in 2020 was, "Hey, the checkout is failing in, I don't know, three, four, five different ways, and the checkout is a pretty important part of Shopify obviously, so let's go fix that." So we, me and, you know, somewhere between, I think at- at its peak it was probably 200, 300 people working on various parts of the problem. So we all, like, scrambled for a year and, like, did what it took to, um, fix those issues, but then at the end of that year, Toby took a step back and said, "Okay, well, why did that happen? Like how did we get to the point where those problems even happened in the first place?" And then that led to some of the reorganization of the company around less... like there used to be 12 to 15 of these kind of fairly small fractured business units, and now there is actually only like three or four which is actually truer to what the product is, but of course each of those units is bigger than the ones that were before, so it actually requires you to lead in a slightly different way o- once you start grouping that many- much of the product and the people together.
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