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David Cahn: Why Servers, Steel and Power Are the Pillars Powering the Future of AI | E1186

David Cahn is a Partner @ Sequoia Capital, one of the great venture firms of the last 5 decades. Before joining the Sequoia partnership, David led Coatue’s venture business as a General Partner and COO where he led investments in Hugging Face, Runway and Supabase. David also joined the boards of Weights & Biases and Replit. ----------------------------------------------- Timestamps: (00:00) Intro (04:41) Exploring AI's Impact: Two Critical Questions (08:09) Impact of Conscious CapEx Overspending in AI (12:02) Reconciling Compute Cost and Its Future Importance (17:35) Is Model Progression Outpacing Data Center Development? (21:38) The Future of Vertical Integration in the Compute Stack (24:26) Facebook's Unique Position Without Cloud Revenue (28:51) Core Bottlenecks in AI: Compute, Algorithms, or Data? (30:41) The Future of Chip Pools & Nvidia's Product Roadmap (32:26) Key Considerations for Steel Supply & Demand Dynamics (37:48) The Risks & Benefits of Open vs. Closed AI Models (40:00) China's AI Progress: Behind or Underestimated? (45:03) Lessons in Deal Selection from Leading AI Companies (46:55) Leading at 27 & Working with Top Companies (54:07) How Sequoia Welcomes & Empowers New Partners (01:02:04) Ranking Core Pillars of Venture: Sourcing, Selecting, Servicing (01:08:06) David’s First Deal (01:09:23) Quick-Fire Round ----------------------------------------------- In Today’s Episode with David Cahn We Discuss: 1. AI’s $600BN Question: What is the $600BN question in AI today? Is it possible to believe “AI will change the world” and “Capex levels are too high” at the same time? Why do the cloud players have to act now? When does the Capex reduce for them? How does Meta not having a core cash cow in cloud change the way they can respond? Why is all the risk today being borne by the large incumbents? Why is that good for startups? How will we see Satya and Zuckerberg change their narrative towards their Capex spend to the public markets? 2. The Data Centre is the Most Important Asset: Why does David believe that data centre is the most important asset? What does he mean when he says “servers, steel and power” are the pillars of AI? What happens when the development of models outpaces the construction of data centres? Why does David believe no one will ever train a frontier model on the same data centre twice? 3. The Biggest Opportunities in AI: Why does David believe the biggest opportunity right now is in the build-out of data centres? What does the supply chain look like for the build-out of data centres? Who are the winners? Why does David believe the biggest opportunity in finance is in creating new debt instruments that will allow the largest incumbents in the world to move this data centre spend off balance sheet? Why does David believe that AI will drive more energy innovation than any policy has done? 4. The Secrets of Sequoia: Inside the Walls of the Greatest Firm in Venture: What does David and Sequoia believe is the one definition of success in venture? Who is the best at find companies in Sequoia? Who is the best at picking? Why does David believe conviction, not picking is the hardest part in venture? How do Sequoia want to shape and mould every investor in the firm? ----------------------------------------------- Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3j2KMcZTtgTNBKwtZBMHvl?si=85bc9196860e4466 Subscribe on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-twenty-minute-vc-20vc-venture-capital-startup/id958230465 Follow Harry Stebbings on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarryStebbings Follow David Cahn on Twitter: https://twitter.com/DavidCahn6 Follow 20VC on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/20vchq Follow 20VC on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@20vc_tok Visit our Website: https://www.20vc.com Subscribe to our Newsletter: https://www.thetwentyminutevc.com/contact ----------------------------------------------- #20vc #harrystebbings #davidcahn #sequoia #venturecapital #partner #ai #openai #uipath #capex

David CahnguestHarry Stebbingshost
Aug 4, 20241h 13mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Servers, Steel, Power: David Cahn Dissects AI’s Industrial Revolution

  1. David Cahn, partner at Sequoia and long‑time AI investor, argues that the future of AI is fundamentally industrial, driven by massive investments in data centers, chips, and power rather than just algorithms and data. He dissects the $600B–$1T CapEx wave by big tech, framing it as a risky but rational oligopoly arms race that benefits startups through lower compute costs while entrenching incumbent power. Cahn introduces his “servers, steel, and power” framework to explain where value will accrue: GPU and networking vendors, data‑center developers and constructors, and energy and storage providers. Beyond infrastructure, he reflects on venture craft—how to select and win deals, assess founders, and operate inside Sequoia’s high‑pressure, slugger‑oriented culture.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

AI belief and near‑term CapEx rationality are separate questions.

You can be extremely bullish on AI’s long‑term impact while still thinking the current 2–3 year CapEx surge may be hard to economically justify; big tech is spending speculatively to avoid falling behind, not because payback is guaranteed.

The true strategic asset is shifting from models to data centers.

As scaling laws dominate and models converge, the differentiator becomes the ability to build, operate, and continuously upgrade enormous GPU data centers—no ‘frontier model’ will be trained twice on the exact same hardware footprint.

Overbuilding compute paradoxically helps startups while entrenching incumbents.

Excess GPU and data‑center capacity should drive down compute prices, boosting startup margins, yet the sheer CapEx required creates formidable barriers to entry, reinforcing the dominance of hyperscalers and forcing others into tough strategic choices.

Follow “servers, steel, and power” to see where AI value accrues.

Servers (chips, networking), steel (data‑center real estate, construction, generators), and power (generation, storage, grid) are the three industrial pillars of AI; investors and founders often overlook these supply‑chain segments in favor of application‑layer plays.

Energy demand from AI will likely accelerate, not hinder, the clean‑energy build‑out.

Cahn argues that capitalist demand from AI data centers—needing far more, cheaper power—will do more to drive solar, batteries, and new generation capacity than policy alone, quietly fueling a new industrial‑energy revolution.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

No one's ever gonna train a frontier model on the same data center twice, 'cause by the time you've trained it, the GPUs will be outdated and the data center will be too small.

David Cahn

I'll propose my own three things that I think are the three things that matter. I would summarize it as servers, steel, and power.

David Cahn

This is one of the most powerful oligopolies in the history of business that we're dealing with… of course they're gonna be willing to spend aggressively to protect their oligopoly.

David Cahn

The forces of capitalism, AI, will drive more energy revolution than any amount of political regulation could have.

David Cahn

There is one definition of success in this business and that is generating billion‑dollar‑plus gains.

David Cahn

AI CapEx arms race and oligopoly game theory (Microsoft, Google, Amazon, Meta)Data centers, chip evolution, and the ‘servers, steel, power’ frameworkImpact of overbuilding compute on startups, pricing, and competitionEnergy and industrial supply chains as hidden AI beneficiariesOpen vs closed AI models, AGI beliefs, and societal risk framingChina, geopolitics, and semiconductor/power policy implicationsVenture capital craft: sourcing, selection, founder assessment, and Sequoia culture

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