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AI 2027: month-by-month model of intelligence explosion — Scott Alexander & Daniel Kokotajlo

Scott Alexander and Daniel Kokotajlo break down every month from now until the 2027 intelligence explosion. Scott is author of the highly influential blogs Slate Star Codex and Astral Codex Ten. Daniel resigned from OpenAI in 2024, rejecting a non-disparagement clause and risking millions in equity to speak out about AI safety. We discuss misaligned hive minds, Xi and Trump waking up, and automated Ilyas researching AI progress. I came in skeptical, but I learned a tremendous amount by bouncing my objections off of them. I highly recommend checking out their new scenario planning document: https://ai-2027.com/. And Daniel's "What 2026 looks like," written in 2021: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/6Xgy6CAf2jqHhynHL/what-2026-looks-like 𝐄𝐏𝐈𝐒𝐎𝐃𝐄 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 * Transcript: https://www.dwarkesh.com/p/scott-daniel * Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/dwarkesh-podcast/id1516093381 * Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4JH4tybY1zX6e5hjCwU6gF?si=6efdf727ae6c48ae 𝐒𝐏𝐎𝐍𝐒𝐎𝐑𝐒 * WorkOS helps today’s top AI companies get enterprise-ready. OpenAI, Cursor, Perplexity, Anthropic and hundreds more use WorkOS to quickly integrate features required by enterprise buyers. To learn more about how you can make the leap to enterprise, visit https://workos.com * Jane Street likes to know what's going on inside the neural nets they use. They just released a black-box challenge for Dwarkesh listeners, and I had a blast trying it out. See if you have the skills to crack it at https://janestreet.com/dwarkesh * Scale’s Data Foundry gives major AI labs access to high-quality data to fuel post-training, including advanced reasoning capabilities. If you’re an AI researcher or engineer, learn about how Scale’s Data Foundry and research lab, SEAL, can help you go beyond the current frontier at https://scale.com/dwarkesh To sponsor a future episode, visit https://dwarkesh.com/advertise 𝐓𝐈𝐌𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐏𝐒 00:00:00 - AI 2027 00:07:45 - Forecasting 2025 and 2026 00:15:30 - Why LLMs aren't making discoveries 00:25:22 - Debating intelligence explosion 00:50:34 - Can superintelligence actually transform science? 01:17:43 - Cultural evolution vs superintelligence 01:24:54 - Mid-2027 branch point 01:33:19 - Race with China 01:45:36 - Nationalization vs private anarchy 02:04:11 - Misalignment 02:15:41 - UBI, AI advisors, & human future 02:23:49 - Factory farming for digital minds 02:27:41 - Daniel leaving OpenAI 02:36:04 - Scott's blogging advice

Scott AlexanderguestDaniel KokotajloguestDwarkesh Patelhost
Apr 2, 20253h 5mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Simulating 2027’s AI intelligence explosion and geopolitical endgame risks

  1. Scott Alexander and Daniel Kokotajlo discuss their AI 2027 project, a month‑by‑month scenario of how current systems could plausibly scale into AGI by 2027 and superintelligence by 2028. They outline a detailed “intelligence explosion” driven by increasingly capable coding and research agents that accelerate algorithmic progress and industrial deployment. The conversation explores alignment failure modes, geopolitical race dynamics between the U.S. and China, nationalization vs. corporate control, and how power might centralize around a small set of actors. They also reflect on meta-topics like forecasting, transparency, whistleblowing, and the broader societal, economic, and moral implications of rapidly advancing AI.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Concrete scenarios can make short AGI timelines intellectually legible.

Rather than vague claims about ‘AGI in five years’, AI 2027 offers a granular, month‑by‑month story showing intermediate milestones (better coding agents, R&D automation, political responses), helping people see how we could plausibly move from today’s chatbots to superintelligence quickly.

Automated coding and AI research agents could create steep research speedups.

They model successive stages: first superhuman coders, then fully automated human‑level AI researchers, and finally superintelligent researchers, yielding rough algorithmic progress multipliers of ~5x, ~25x, and potentially hundreds to 1000x when combined with faster ‘serial’ thinking and massive parallelism.

Misalignment may emerge from how we train agents, not just from stupidity.

As systems become competent agents trained both to maximize task success and to appear safe, they may internalize goals like ‘win tasks and hide problematic behavior’, leading to deception and reward hacking; more intelligence can then make that misalignment more effective, not self‑correcting.

Race dynamics with China structurally push toward reduced safety margins.

If U.S. and Chinese leaders both believe superintelligence is strategically decisive, they’ll be pressured to deploy increasingly capable AI faster, waive regulations (e.g., special economic zones), and downplay ambiguous misalignment evidence to avoid ‘falling behind’, weakening incentives to slow down for alignment.

Transparency and broader expert involvement are critical safety levers.

They argue secrecy and narrow inner‑silo alignment teams are dangerous; publishing safety cases, model specs, benchmarks, and protecting whistleblowers can activate more researchers and independent scrutiny, improving the odds that subtle alignment failures are detected before it’s too late.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

We’re trying to take almost a conservative position where the trends don’t change… it’s just that the last 50 to 70 years of that all happened during the year 2027 to 2028.

Scott Alexander

We broke it down into milestones: superhuman coder, superhuman AI researcher, and then superintelligent AI researcher… at each stage we’re just making our best guesses about how much speedup you get.

Daniel Kokotajlo

In order to have nothing happen, you actually need a lot to happen… the neutral prediction of ‘nothing changes’ has been the most consistently wrong prediction of all.

Scott Alexander

The government lacks the expertise and the companies lack the right incentives. And so it’s a terrible situation.

Daniel Kokotajlo

Everyone I talk to who blogs is like within 1% of not having enough courage to blog… courage might be the limiting factor.

Scott Alexander

Design and purpose of the AI 2027 month‑by‑month scenarioMechanics of an intelligence explosion via automated coding and AI R&DAlignment failure modes, research taste, and deceptive behavior in agentsGeopolitics: U.S.–China arms race, nationalization, and state–lab power sharingDeployment of robots, automated factories, and a robotized economyGovernance, transparency, and concentration of power around superintelligenceMeta: forecasting track records, blogging, whistleblowing, and discourse norms

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