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Brian Chesky’s new playbook

Brian Chesky is the co-founder and CEO of Airbnb. Under Brian’s leadership, Airbnb has grown into a community of over 4 million hosts who have welcomed more than 1.5 billion guests across over 220 countries and regions. I had the privilege of working under his leadership, so it is a great honor to have him on the show. We discuss: • How Airbnb has shifted their thinking on product management • Why bureaucracy happens in companies, and how to avoid it • The importance of founders diving into the details • Why Airbnb moved away from traditional growth channels and what they are doing instead • Airbnb’s newly released features • How and why Brian encourages his team to set ambitious goals • Why he says he still has a lot to prove — Brought to you by Sidebar—Catalyze your career with a Personal Board of Directors: https://www.sidebar.com/lenny/?utm_source=lennys&utm_medium=newsletter&utm_campaign=waitlist&utm_content=pbod | Jira Product Discovery—Atlassian’s new prioritization and roadmapping tool built for product teams: https://atlassian.com/lenny/?utm_source=lennypodcast&utm_medium=paid-audio&utm_campaign=fy24q1-jpd-imc | Eppo—Run reliable, impactful experiments: https://www.geteppo.com/ Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/brian-cheskys-new-playbook/#transcript Where to find Brian Chesky: • X: https://twitter.com/bchesky • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/brianchesky/ Where to find Lenny: • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/ In this episode, we cover: (00:00) Brian’s background (05:18) The current structure of product management at Airbnb (09:21) How fast-moving companies become slow-moving bureaucracies (12:20) Brian’s thoughts on performance marketing (13:50) Airbnb’s rolling two-year roadmap (15:30) Brian’s journey as CEO in a growing company (18:34) Best practices for A/B testing  (20:30) Who inspired Airbnb’s new direction (23:18) The first changes Brian implemented at the onset of the pandemic (24:51) Why founders should be “in the details”  (30:15) Airbnb’s marketing, communication, and creative functions (31:38) Advice for founders on how to lead (34:15) Tips for implementing Airbnb’s business methodology  (38:48) Airbnb’s winter release (41:47) Why Airbnb no longer has separate guest and host teams  (42:38) Brian’s thoughts on design trends  (45:36) The importance of empowering hosts with great tools (45:57) How setting ambitious goals improves team performance  (50:05) Tips for preventing burnout (56:02) Tips for personal and professional growth  (58:19) Why Brian says he still has a lot to prove (1:02:58) Paying it forward (1:05:03) A fun fact about Brian (1:09:26) Airbnb’s origin story Referenced: • Localmind: https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/localmind • Config 2023 in review: https://www.figma.com/blog/config-2023-recap/ • Why Founders Fail: The Product CEO Paradox: https://techcrunch.com/2013/08/10/why-founders-fail-the-product-ceo-paradox/ • Hiroki Asai on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hiroki-asai-a44137110/ • Jony Ive on Crunchbase: https://www.crunchbase.com/person/jonathan-ive • Charles Eames: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Eames • Airbnb 2023 Winter Release: https://news.airbnb.com/en-in/airbnb-2023-winter-release-introducing-guest-favorites-a-collection-of-the-2-million-most-loved-homes-on-airbnb/ • Airbnb 2023 winter release reel: https://x.com/bchesky/status/1722243847751970861?s=20 • John Wooden’s website: https://coachwooden.com/ • An 85-year Harvard study found the No. 1 thing that makes us happy in life: It helps us ‘live longer’: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/10/85-year-harvard-study-found-the-secret-to-a-long-happy-and-successful-life.html • Sam Altman on X: https://twitter.com/sama • Alfred P. Sloan: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_P._Sloan • Bob Dylan quote: https://quotefancy.com/quote/950807/Bob-Dylan-An-artist-has-got-to-be-careful-never-really-to-arrive-at-a-place-where-he • OpenAI: https://openai.com/ • Michael Seibel’s website: https://www.michaelseibel.com/ • Y Combinator: https://www.ycombinator.com/ • The Norman Rockwell Museum: https://www.nrm.org/ • Rhode Island School of Design: https://www.risd.edu/ • Joe Gebbia on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jgebbia/ • Nathan Blecharczyk on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/blecharczyk/ Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com. Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.

Brian CheskyguestLenny Rachitskyhost
Nov 12, 20231h 13mWatch on YouTube ↗

CHAPTERS

  1. 0:00 – 0:58

    Cold open: “Leaders are in the details” vs. micromanagement

    Brian opens with his core leadership premise: founders shouldn’t apologize for how they want to run their company, and teams crave clarity. He draws a line between micromanagement (telling people exactly what to do) and being deeply in the details (knowing enough to evaluate quality and direction).

    • Clarity beats compromise-by-negotiation for how a company is run
    • Difference between micromanagement and responsible detail-level leadership
    • Why leaders need detail to assess whether work is actually good
    • Driving product quality requires hands-on engagement
  2. 0:58 – 5:23

    Setting the stage: why Airbnb’s operating model is a big deal

    Lenny introduces Brian and frames the episode around Airbnb’s contrarian shift: a rethinking of product management, growth, and roadmapping. He previews topics like a single company-wide roadmap, product-led growth, and Brian’s close involvement in product and design.

    • Airbnb’s scale and global footprint
    • What stirred debate: Brian’s public comments about product management
    • Shift away from traditional growth playbooks toward product + storytelling
    • How Airbnb organizes around one roadmap and CEO-level product reviews
  3. 5:23 – 8:46

    What actually changed in Product Management at Airbnb

    Brian clarifies the “Airbnb eliminated PM” narrative and explains the real structural changes. The PM role is re-scoped: inbound product responsibilities are merged with product marketing, while program-management-like work is moved to dedicated program managers.

    • He didn’t remove people—he changed how responsibilities are grouped
    • Inbound PM + outbound product marketing combined into “product marketing”
    • Program-management duties moved off PMs and into program management
    • Team became smaller, more senior, with broader responsibility
  4. 8:46 – 9:16

    Why designers cheered: frustration with the modern product development process

    Brian unpacks why a room of designers celebrated the perceived removal of PMs: widespread frustration with compromise-heavy, service-oriented product development. He argues design is often treated as a downstream “checker” rather than a true driver of cohesive product strategy.

    • Designers feeling forced into constant compromise
    • “Design administrators” vs. designers doing real craft work
    • Design treated as a service org is bad for design, PM, and engineering
    • Need for a more integrated product-building model
  5. 9:16 – 12:17

    How fast companies become slow: stacks, dependencies, politics, and bureaucracy

    Brian gives a detailed theory for organizational slowdown: fragmented stacks and dependencies create queues, which cause teams to duplicate capabilities, which then breeds division, politics, and bureaucracy. The result is low accountability, complacency, and invisible product progress from a customer’s perspective.

    • Diverging stacks and technical debt slow coordination
    • Dependencies turn into bottleneck queues that stall teams
    • Duplication of functions creates divisions and internal advocacy
    • Politics → bureaucracy → low accountability → complacency
  6. 12:17 – 13:48

    Rethinking marketing: performance vs. brand vs. product education

    Brian explains Airbnb’s shift away from heavy performance marketing and toward marketing as education. He uses the “laser vs. chandelier” metaphor to show why performance marketing can’t be the primary long-term advantage for most companies.

    • Performance marketing as a “laser,” brand marketing as a “chandelier”
    • Performance spend doesn’t necessarily build durable advantage
    • Most companies underinvest in product marketing/education
    • If you ship but don’t explain distribution and value, adoption stalls
  7. 13:48 – 15:29

    The rolling two-year roadmap and launch cadence (May/Nov releases)

    Airbnb replaced short planning cycles with a rolling two-year roadmap updated continuously, anchored by two major releases each year. Brian describes how story and narrative become a forcing function for cohesive product development and coordinated go-to-market work.

    • Rolling two-year strategy/roadmap updated regularly
    • Two big product releases per year (May and Oct/Nov)
    • Launch planning starts with story; story shapes product cohesion
    • Goal: make 1,000 people’s work feel like it came from 10
  8. 15:29 – 25:01

    CEO as Chief Product Officer: losing speed pre-2020 and the pandemic reset

    Brian describes the founder arc: delegation grows into optimization, metrics obsession, and slower product progress. The pandemic’s near-death moment forced a reset—he re-centered the company on fewer priorities, functional leadership, and tighter product accountability.

    • Why delegating away product can remove the founder’s superpower
    • 2015–2019 slowdown: rising costs, politics, heavy A/B testing, sluggish UX
    • Meeting Apple leaders (Hiroki Isai, Jony Ive) influenced the new model
    • Pandemic shock created clarity and urgency to redesign the org
  9. 25:01 – 30:09

    Operating system changes: fewer projects, functional org, and CEO review cadence

    Brian details the mechanics of Airbnb’s new execution system: document everything, cut to a small set of priorities, remove layers, and run a functional org. A structured CEO review schedule plus program management “green/yellow/red” scoring sets pace and removes the need for internal politicking.

    • Write down all work, then cut aggressively (do ~20%)
    • Functional organization replaces divisional structure
    • Fewer, more senior people; adding people often slows projects
    • CEO review cadence (weekly to quarterly) + project status scoring
  10. 30:09 – 33:59

    Creative, comms, and writing: one voice across product, ads, and emails

    Airbnb built stronger in-house creative and communication capabilities and unified previously separated disciplines. Brian explains why writing shouldn’t be split into UX vs. marketing if the customer experience must feel like a single coherent voice.

    • Building an in-house creative agency model
    • Creative work spans ads and product experience, not just campaigns
    • UX writing merged with marketing writing to create a consistent voice
    • Functional excellence: leaders manage the craft first, people second
  11. 33:59 – 38:49

    A founder’s checklist for implementing the Airbnb methodology

    Asked whether Airbnb’s approach generalizes, Brian provides a practical checklist: CEO product ownership, expert-led teams, minimal layers, integrated marketing + engineering, strong narratives, and disciplined use of data and intuition.

    • CEO should act as CPO in product/tech-led companies
    • Leaders must be domain experts; avoid “people managers” only
    • Keep teams interconnected; reduce silos and layers
    • Use launches + storytelling; balance data with research and intuition
  12. 38:49 – 41:32

    Airbnb’s winter release: reliability, Guest Favorites, and upgraded trust signals

    Brian walks through the major winter release, centered on Airbnb’s Achilles’ heel: reliability. He explains how Guest Favorites uses massive review and support data to surface the most trusted listings, alongside improvements to ratings and reviews.

    • The “moment of truth” problem when guests open the door
    • Reliability as the key advantage of hotels—and Airbnb’s challenge
    • Guest Favorites built from reviews, support tickets, cancellations, and signals
    • Ratings/reviews overhaul to strengthen trust at scale
  13. 41:32 – 45:55

    Host tools, org design, and the future of interface aesthetics

    The conversation turns to host enablement: better host tools create better guest experiences. Brian explains why Airbnb no longer separates guest and host teams, highlights the redesigned listing tab and AI photo tour, and shares his view that flat design is fading in favor of more dimensional interfaces.

    • Great guest experience starts with great host tools
    • Why separate guest/host teams create incompatible roadmaps
    • New listing tab + AI-powered photo tour trained on massive photo data
    • Design trend thesis: moving beyond flat design toward depth and texture
  14. 45:55 – 50:12

    “Add a zero”: ambitious goals, pacing, and decisive execution

    Brian explains how setting 10x goals forces first-principles thinking and breaks teams out of incrementalism. He emphasizes that the pace of a company is often determined by decision speed and a bias toward action, not just effort.

    • 10x framing changes the approach, not just the target
    • First-principles decomposition to escape current constraints
    • Leaders set tempo through decisiveness and accountability
    • Create a growth mindset: pushing implies belief in potential
  15. 50:12 – 58:14

    Avoiding burnout and staying proactive: health, relationships, and saying no to “fake work”

    Brian shares a counterintuitive lesson: after an intense transition period, being more in the details can reduce reactive firefighting and free time. He outlines his practices for health, rest, relationships, and proactive prioritization over inbox-driven agendas.

    • Short-term intensity can eliminate long-term organizational chaos
    • Routine: exercise, nutrition, sleep, and alternating rest weekends
    • Relationships as a core happiness driver (Harvard study)
    • Avoid reactive scheduling; say no to “fake work” and protect priorities
  16. 58:14 – 1:13:27

    Continuous growth, paying it forward, and the origin story through an artist’s lens

    Brian describes his “beginner’s mindset,” curiosity-driven learning, and willingness to ask for help—and to return that help to other founders. He ends with a personal “fun fact” that becomes a pre-Airbnb origin story: an artist and industrial designer whose design training shaped how he builds companies.

    • Feeling like a beginner again at each new frontier of scale and knowledge
    • Studying organizational history to understand why structures exist
    • Mentorship culture: asking for help honors others; pay it forward
    • Artist-to-industrial-designer background leading into Airbnb’s founding

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