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How the most AI-pilled product team builds products | Fiona Fung (Claude Code and Cowork)

Fiona Fung leads the teams behind Claude Code and Cowork at Anthropic (overseeing Boris Cherny and the entire engineering and PM team). Before Anthropic, she spent 11 years at Microsoft building Visual Studio and TypeScript and then moved to Meta, where she started Facebook Marketplace (now generating over $100 billion in GMV annually), worked on Meta’s first smart glasses and AR glasses, and led infrastructure, growth, integrity, and safety teams at Instagram. She’s been an engineer for over 25 years and has a unique perspective on how the role of building software is changing. *In our in-depth conversation, we discuss:* 1. What she’s learned about running a team that’s shipping 8x more code than before 2. Which roles AI will transform next 3. Specific ways her team uses AI 4. How Claude “routines” have changed how she operates as a manager 5. The context-switching problem no one has solved yet 6. The biggest unsolved problem in AI 7. What keeps her up at night *Brought to you by:* WorkOS—Make your app enterprise-ready, with SSO, SCIM, RBAC, and more: https://workos.com/lenny Mercury—Radically different banking, now with Command: https://mercury.com/ *Episode transcript:* https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/building-the-most-ai-pilled-engineering *Archive of all Lenny's Podcast transcripts:* https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/yxi4s2w998p1gvtpu4193/AMdNPR8AOw0lMklwtnC0TrQ?rlkey=j06x0nipoti519e0xgm23zsn9&st=ahz0fj11&dl=0 *Where to find Fiona Fung:* • LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/fionafung *Where to find Lenny:* • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/ *In this episode, we cover:* (00:00) Introduction to Fiona Fung (02:31) How the engineering role has transformed over 25 years (09:28) What an AI-pilled software team looks like in 2026 (12:26) Using Claude to manage and review team output (14:40) The evolution of code review and verification (16:55) Who to hire: creative builders and deep systems experts (18:18) The shift to ambitious thinking (19:40) The growth mindset required to thrive in AI-native teams (25:52) Helping small businesses adopt AI tools (31:46) How Anthropic spots latent demand and builds for it (35:08) The next frontier: asynchronous work with AI routines (38:06) Agency and accountability in AI-native teams (39:40) The vibe shift from token-maxing to ROI measurement (44:24) The “bad vs. sad” quality framework (49:34) Why all managers start as ICs at Anthropic (55:24) Preventing skill atrophy (58:43) Managing context switching with 20 AI agents running (1:00:08) How PM and data science roles are transforming (1:03:40) The importance of dogfooding and using your own product (1:08:36) Outstanding questions (1:12:48) The future of engineering jobs and education (1:17:59) What keeps Fiona up at night: team culture at scale (1:22:53) From six-month roadmaps to JIT (just-in-time) monthly planning (1:27:03) Lightning round *Referenced:* • Running an AI-native engineering org: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igO8iyca2_g • Head of Claude Code: What happens after coding is solved | Boris Cherny: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/head-of-claude-code-what-happens • Today, Anthropic engineers on average ship 8x as much code per quarter as they did compared to 2021-2025: https://x.com/AnthropicAI/status/2062568864240836995 • Visual Studio: https://visualstudio.microsoft.com • Joseph Campbell’s quote: https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/192665-the-cave-you-fear-to-enter-holds-the-treasure-you • Life-changing Cowork use case: https://x.com/lennysan/status/2059664455001334124 • Introducing Claude for Small Business: https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-for-small-business • Conversations with Tyler podcast: https://conversationswithtyler.com • Sheryl Sandberg on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sheryl# • Amélie on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Amelie-Jean-Pierre-Jeunet/dp/B0DQ4S3N45 • Spirited Away on HBO Max: https://www.hbomax.com/movies/spirited-away/3deab668-d0a4-4a8d-9bc8-0952a0ad836e ...References continued at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/building-the-most-ai-pilled-engineering *Recommended books:* • Margaret Atwood’s books: https://www.amazon.com/stores/author/B000AQTHI0?ccs_id=0027a474-cd59-4a3a-bcd7-9b173c27d530 • Haruki Murakami’s books: https://www.amazon.com/stores/Haruki-Murakami/author/B000AP7AFI • The Little Prince: https://www.amazon.com/Little-Prince-Antoine-Saint-Exup%C3%A9ry/dp/0156012197 • Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: https://www.amazon.com/Nausica%C3%A4-Valley-Wind-Box-Set/dp/1421550644 • High Output Management: https://www.amazon.com/High-Output-Management-Andrew-Grove/dp/0679762884 _Production and marketing by https://penname.co/._ _For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com._ Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.

Lenny RachitskyhostFiona Fungguest
Jun 21, 20261h 38mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Inside Anthropic’s AI-native product teams: velocity, verification, culture, and planning

  1. Anthropic teams are seeing massive throughput gains (e.g., ~8× more code shipped), shifting engineering constraints from writing code to verifying quality, safety, and user experience.
  2. AI-native teams blur traditional roles as engineers, PMs, and designers increasingly all “build,” with managers staying hands-on through dogfooding and shipping real PRs.
  3. Fiona uses Claude Code sessions, routines, and repo-integrated visibility to turn management into a data-and-artifact-driven practice (summaries, themes, and even draft PRs) rather than status meetings.
  4. Hiring priorities split into two profiles: creative product builders who iterate from user feedback and deep systems experts who can validate hard constraints and architecture in a trust-but-verify world.
  5. The next frontier is asynchronous work with fleets of agents, creating new challenges like context switching, loneliness, skill atrophy, and maintaining culture during rapid scaling.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Coding speed is no longer the constraint; verification is.

With AI-assisted commits and dramatically higher output, teams must invest in tests, monitoring, evals, and clear definitions of “good” so quality keeps pace with shipping velocity.

Put “what good looks like” into the repo to scale automated review.

Fiona argues Claude is strongest when it can review against explicit frameworks (specs, content guidelines, expectations) that are versioned alongside code and kept up to date.

Use AI to manage by artifacts, not by meetings.

She runs Claude Code sessions tied into repos and Slack to review what shipped, how it performed, and what themes emerged—often arriving with summaries and candidate PRs for discussion.

Asynchronous agent workflows will become the dominant operating model.

Routines act like cron jobs that monitor channels, synthesize feedback, and spawn work while humans sleep—pushing teams toward higher abstraction and more parallel execution.

High-agency teams require explicit accountability mechanisms.

Anthropic’s ethos is “freedom to cook,” paired with accountability via hypotheses, clear ownership, and verification loops so autonomy doesn’t turn into uncontrolled change.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

Coding is no longer the bottleneck. It's lifted the ceiling of what anyone is able to do

Fiona Fung

Make new mistakes. Like, it's okay to make mistakes, just make new ones so that we're always learning.

Fiona Fung

For anything that there is a fear, my advice is lean in and ask, "What can I do about it? What is within my control?"

Fiona Fung

We say with high agency is also high accountability, so it's all about making sure folks have that freedom to cook. But then it's also like, okay, what's the accountability for it? What's a hypothesis of what you're trying to solve?

Fiona Fung

Explicit permission to kill processes that no longer serve us.

Fiona Fung

8× code throughput and bottleneck shift to verificationRole blurring: everyone becomes a builderClaude Code for management visibility and monthly retrosRoutines as async “cron jobs” that spawn agents and PRsFramework-based automated code review (specs in repo)Hiring: creative builders vs deep systems expertsQuality framework: “bad vs sad” user experiencesHigh agency paired with high accountabilityDogfooding and customer empathy over dashboards aloneJIT monthly planning; killing processes that no longer serveSkill atrophy, loneliness, pairwise programming lunchAI adoption for small businesses and latent demand discovery

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