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Re:Thinking with Adam GrantRe:Thinking with Adam Grant

Gen Z's way of talking, explained | ReThinking

If you’ve ever wondered what “skibidi rizz” means or why kids are so obsessed with the number 67, Adam Aleksic wrote a book on it. Aleksic, better known at @etymologynerd online, is a 24-year-old linguist known for his enlightening and entertaining videos on the origin of words. In this episode, the two Adams discuss Aleksic’s new book Algospeak and the ways in which the internet is shaping the way we communicate both on and offline. Aleksic sheds light on the origins of the seemingly meaningless “brainrot” memes popular with Gen Z and Gen Alpha internet users, and reveals the complex and (sometimes) profound insights they have to offer about culture, the transmission of ideas and information, and how our access to language can change the way we see the world. Host & Guest Adam Grant (Instagram: @adamgrant | LinkedIn: @adammgrant | Website: https://adamgrant.net/) Adam Aleksic (Instagram, TikTok: @etymologynerd | YouTube: @etymology_nerd | Website: https://www.etymologynerd.com/) Links Algospeak by Adam Aleksic (https://www.amazon.com/Algospeak-Social-Transforming-Future-Language/dp/0593804074) Join us in person at a TED conference: https://tedtalks.social/events Become a TED Member to support our mission: https://ted.com/membership Subscribe to a TED newsletter: https://ted.com/newsletters Follow TED! X: https://www.twitter.com/TEDTalks Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ted Facebook: https://facebook.com/TED LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/ted-conferences TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@tedtoks Podcasts: https://www.ted.com/podcasts The TED Audio Collective is a collection of podcasts for the curious. The TED Audio Collective videos may be used for non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons License, Attribution–Non Commercial–No Derivatives (or the CC BY – NC – ND 4.0 International) and in accordance with our TED Talks Usage Policy (https://www.ted.com/about/our-organiz...). For more information on using TED for commercial purposes (e.g. employee learning, in a film or online course), please submit a Media Request at https://media-requests.ted.com.

Adam Aleksicguest
Jan 23, 202634mWatch on YouTube ↗

CHAPTERS

  1. 0:00 – 0:50

    Brainrot as algorithm-driven meme language: “skibidi rizz Ohio”

    The conversation opens by defining “brainrot” as a semantic category that points back to algorithmic trend cycles. They describe how meaningless or loosely defined words become overused because creators chase what the algorithm boosts, creating a self-reinforcing feedback loop.

    • “Brainrot” words often function as references to algorithmic virality, not literal meanings
    • Examples: skibidi (nonsense), rizz (charisma), Ohio (used absurdly)
    • Creators adopt trending terms to increase reach
    • Positive feedback loop: trends → creator adoption → algorithm boosts → bigger trend
  2. 0:50 – 2:20

    Quiz segment: Labubu, matcha, Dubai chocolate—and commodified “brainrot”

    Adam Aleksic challenges Adam Grant with a recent meme bundle—“Labubu matcha Dubai chocolate”—and clarifies two different meanings of brainrot. The terms point to the algorithm’s overrepresentation of products and the commercialization embedded in trend culture.

    • Brainrot can mean “mentally deleterious” content or an ironic meme aesthetic
    • Labubu explained as a viral plush toy; matcha and Dubai pistachio chocolate as trend objects
    • Meaning emerges from ironic overuse and algorithm awareness
    • Meme bundle critiques hyper-commodification pushed by platforms
  3. 2:20 – 3:27

    Quiz segment: “67” and the rise of clip-farming culture

    They unpack “67” as an intentionally absurd interjection with roots in NBA interviews and TikTok remix culture. The phrase reflects a world where saying the right thing on camera is a tactic to trigger algorithmic circulation.

    • “67” originates in clip-farming: say it to get remixed into edits
    • Gen Alpha kids repeat it hoping to go viral
    • Not purely meaningless: it parodies algorithm presence in everyday life
    • Highlights how humor becomes strategy under recommendation systems
  4. 3:27 – 4:22

    Algospeak for censorship and uncertainty: the evolution of “bop”

    The term “bop” is presented as a new form of Algospeak used to avoid platform moderation—especially around sex work. They discuss how users “hypercorrect” because they can’t see how suppression works, so language shifts preemptively.

    • “Bop” shifted from “great song” to meaning an OnlyFans worker in some contexts
    • Used to evade censorship/moderation filters
    • Platforms create an “algorithmic imaginary” where users guess what’s penalized
    • Algospeak as any online speech shaped by algorithmic constraints and affordances
  5. 4:22 – 6:17

    Why TikTok changed the game: machine learning, personalization, and attention capture

    Adam Aleksic explains that “the algorithm” is a pipeline of many systems—classification, matching, and censorship—supercharged by machine learning. TikTok’s personalized For You Page and full-screen short-form video create unusually strong incentives and addiction dynamics.

    • Not one algorithm: many models for user/content classification and enforcement
    • Machine-learning/neural nets adapt from content and user behavior
    • Personalized FYP as TikTok’s differentiator post-2017 Musical.ly era
    • Short-form video + personalization increases time spent and cultural impact
  6. 6:17 – 8:14

    From etymology nerd to internet linguist: why word origins matter

    They pivot to Adam Aleksic’s background in etymology and linguistics and why origins reveal cultural “truths.” The discussion links language to worldview, with examples from abracadabra, religious language, and the idea that words can perform reality.

    • Etymology framed as “study of truth” (Greek etumos)
    • Language shapes perception: “I create as I speak” as a model of linguistic power
    • Connections between magic/performance and language (spell/spelling)
    • Words as tools that can alter how people understand the world
  7. 8:14 – 11:14

    Language as a virus: how words spread and where internet slang comes from

    They explore the “viral” metaphor for language transmission and caution about its limits. Aleksic argues that internet slang often originates in specific subcultures, claiming much of it draws from African American English or 4chan—an indicator of deeper cultural and political influence.

    • Epidemiological lens: words spread via hosts, clusters, and transmission
    • Metaphors help “carry across” concepts but are inherently limited
    • Claim: large share of internet slang traces to AAE or 4chan
    • Language as a bellwether for broader cultural and ideological shifts
  8. 11:14 – 14:12

    Can you invent a word? Organic adoption vs. elite-imposed vocabulary

    Grant asks whether linguistic insight allows deliberate implantation of new words. Aleksic explains that forced slang rarely works, though institutions can impose terms through product and platform design; he shares his own playful attempts to seed “noxious” as a positive word.

    • Invented slang needs “effervescent” cool/funny pathways to spread
    • People resist language that feels imposed
    • Platforms can impose vocabulary (e.g., “channels,” “creators”) via structure
    • Personal experiments: “noxious” meaning good; “-wardly” as a playful suffix
  9. 14:12 – 16:50

    Ownership, attribution, and cultural power: from ballroom slang to “on fleek”

    They discuss how slang builds belonging and how mainstreaming can dilute a community’s original meaning and power. The “on fleek” story highlights the difficulty of credit and compensation when viral language spreads and becomes monetized by others.

    • Slang as community-building and subversion (ballroom culture roots)
    • Examples: slay, tea, ate, bussin’ becoming mainstream Gen Z slang
    • Tension: cultural diffusion is unstoppable, but meaning/power shifts
    • “On fleek” origin and commercialization without profit to the creator
  10. 16:50 – 20:57

    Memes, Dawkins, and the missing ingredient: the medium

    They connect virality to Dawkins’ “meme” concept and debate how memes compete for attention. Aleksic argues the crucial missing piece is the medium—speech, song, images, and especially TikTok as a new communication paradigm with its own incentives.

    • Dawkins’ meme as self-replicating cultural unit—useful but reductive
    • Examples of viral influence across music (Stevie Wonder → Coolio/SZA)
    • The medium shapes how ideas travel and what goes viral
    • TikTok framed as a paradigm-shifting medium with structured incentives
  11. 20:57 – 22:21

    Brainrot as a meme package: remixing rizz, skibidi, and political speeches

    They explain why brainrot works as a “genre”: bundling multiple memes amplifies their combined memetic value. Examples include the “Rizzler” remix era and public figures using brainrot language to capture attention and connect with youth discourse.

    • Memes often spread better in bundles than alone
    • Rizz (Kai Cenat) + skibidi (Skibidi Toilet) remixed into brainrot packages
    • Politicians using brainrot speeches as attention hooks
    • Incongruity and social fascination drive shareability
  12. 22:21 – 25:01

    What makes memes stick: incongruity, emotion, and everyday applicability

    They analyze why certain memes have longevity: high-arousal emotions like awe and humor rely on subverted expectations, while enduring memes are easy to apply repeatedly. “67” persists partly because people encounter the number constantly, reinforcing recall and use.

    • Awe and humor depend on breaking an expected frame
    • Incongruity: “older/authoritative person speaks brainrot” boosts spread
    • Longevity comes from adaptability and frequent real-world triggers
    • “67” is constantly encountered, making it self-reinforcing
  13. 25:01 – 27:28

    Lightning round: rejecting “content,” favorite brainrot, and intentional language

    In a rapid Q&A, Aleksic avoids prescribing banned words but singles out “content” as dehumanizing and flattening. He shares a favorite trend (Italian brainrot animal hybrids) and argues the real problem is losing intentionality—treating language as mere data transfer.

    • Dislikes “content” for implying empty filler rather than meaning-making
    • Favorite: Italian brainrot canon and absurd AI animal hybrids
    • Worst advice: rigid “should/shouldn’t say” policing of words
    • Intentionality matters more than prohibition
  14. 27:28 – 29:08

    Defining “meme” together: recognizability, nested layers, and hierarchy

    Aleksic asks Grant to define a meme, prompting a collaborative refinement around cultural significance and recognizability at different scales. They add the idea that memes exist in layers (image, caption, platform context) and that higher-level meme structures persist longer.

    • Grant’s definition: recognizable cultural symbol conveying meaning without words (but can include words)
    • Memes can be local (families, classrooms) or mass-scale (Distracted Boyfriend)
    • Memes contain other memes: image, text, format, platform
    • Higher-level meme structures tend to endure longer
  15. 29:08 – 34:24

    Why origins matter: Skibidi Toilet, “slop,” and media literacy in an AI future

    Grant challenges the value of learning origins, and Aleksic argues that dissecting even “garbage” memes reveals cultural truths—using Skibidi Toilet as a commentary on surveillance and mediated reality. They close on the stakes: algorithms shape offline life too, and deep media literacy is crucial as AI deepfakes and engagement-driven feeds blur reality.

    • Skibidi Toilet interpreted as meta-commentary: camera gaze, surveillance, hyper-mediation
    • “Slop” satisfies easy desires, while richer media requires effort—both worth understanding
    • Algorithms recommend engagement, not reality; TikTok affects offline products, music, fashion
    • Media literacy becomes essential as AI deepfakes and synthetic media proliferate

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