Former Financial Advisor: “Do Not Buy A House!” Do THIS Instead! @humphrey
EVERY SPOKEN WORD
40 min read · 8,054 words- 0:00 – 0:25
Teaser
- HYHumphrey Yang
What I'm going to tell you right now is going to be very different.
- MMMarina Mogilko
What are the worst decisions people can make with their money in 2025?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Right now, I don't have that cash. It's all fully in the market.
- MMMarina Mogilko
How do you stay sane when the [chuckles] market goes down?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Ideally, I just keep all that money in the investing portfolio forever.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Let's talk about crypto.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Oh, I have a 5X. I want a 10X.
- MMMarina Mogilko
How complex everything is.
- HYHumphrey Yang
People saying you should sell everything.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And you do the same for your meme coin strategy, right?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Not financial advice.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Hey, guys.
- 0:25 – 1:06
Who is Humphrey Yang
- MMMarina Mogilko
Welcome to Silicon Valley Girl. It looks like 2025 is gonna be a wild ride for everyone who is interested in investing, starting a business, anything to do with finance. So today, we have a financial expert here, Humphrey, uh, who we're gonna talk to about building wealth in 2025, mistakes you can make with your money in 2025, and, like, general wealth-building advice. 'Cause I feel like for a lot of young people, it looks like 2025 could be a great year to start building wealth, especially when you see markets growing. It's like, it's a good place to start, right? [chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, exactly.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Everything's falling.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yep.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Um, let's talk about that. Uh, can we start, uh, with, like, a general
- 1:06 – 2:08
Budgeting strategy for 2025
- MMMarina Mogilko
budgeting strategy for people in 2025, how much you save, how much you invest?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I'd like to say, for most people, that they should try to aim to save 20% of their income if they can. If they can do more, that's great, but most people... I think the average personal savings rate in the United States is about 4%, so if you can get up to 10, 15, 20%, that gives you a lot more flexibility, and that will help you save and invest more in the long run.
- MMMarina Mogilko
When you say save, like, okay-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... I'm putting aside 10%, does it stay as cash, or does it go into a high-yield savings account? What would be the strategy there?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I would stockpile some cash until you have at least three to six months of an emergency fund saved up. So if your monthly expenses are $2,000 a month, that's what you need to live, you should at least save 6,000 or up to 12,000. Put that away. Put that aside. That's high yield. Put it in a high-yield account. You don't touch that money. That's just for emergencies. And then anything else you make on top of that and you can save, then you should invest that. That's the general guideline, yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
What should be the investment
- 2:08 – 5:44
Investing strategy for beginners
- MMMarina Mogilko
strategy for someone who's just starting out?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, so investment strategy super depends on the person's risk tolerance and their time horizon. So if they need the money next year, I probably wouldn't say you should invest, because let's say you need... Let's say you need money for a wedding, right? And you know you're gonna spend money on the wedding. If you invest that money and it goes down in value, you would probably feel pretty bad about it, and if you can't afford your wedding [chuckles] when you want to afford your wedding, that's not gonna be good. Let's say your time horizon is 40 years, so you want that money to be your retirement money. Then in that case, invest all you want, and you don't really have to worry too much about it. Kind of put it into the market and forget about it. Um, for most people, so I'm gonna get to the what you should invest in now, for most people, I think ETFs are pretty solid, and those are just exchange-traded funds. That just means you're buying one fund, and within that one fund, it encompasses, let's say, 500 other s- stocks within that fund. So by buying that one fund, you are buying literally 500 stocks all at once.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Do you just buy that fund, or is there a split, like, it has to be like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... I need 20% international, an ETF that tracks Bitcoin, right? We just have-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... these.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
What would the, the strategy be there? Let's talk about long term.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Sure.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Let's talk, like, 10 years.
- HYHumphrey Yang
So there are a lot of ETFs. You don't just buy a random ETF. You typically want to buy an S&P 500 ETF. That's the US stock market. You can balance it out with international ETFs, so the rest of the world has a ETF called, uh, I think it's, like, All World Minus US, so basically, it's like every- [chuckles] it's like every other stock in the world besides the United States, so you could do that, and then you could also balance it with bonds.
- MMMarina Mogilko
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- 5:44 – 6:37
Three-fund portfolio
- MMMarina Mogilko
Um-
- HYHumphrey Yang
What's the percentage? Yeah, so a typical percentage, let's say you wanted a three-fund portfolio, which is a very famous portfolio. It's, um, a lot of people online like the three-fund portfolio because it's very well-balanced, as well as it does well in times of prosperity, but doesn't have as much downside risk.... uh, the, the typical split on a three-fund portfolio is something like 50% in US stocks, 25 to 30% in international stocks, and then the rest would be bonds. But sometimes bonds for a younger investor is not risky enough, so that's something you kind of have to balance and weigh with yourself. Like, if you're a riskier type of investor, you might do more in US stocks, 'cause US stocks are probably, uh, they have the greatest potential for upside, but they could also go down, too. Same thing with international stocks, yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And
- 6:37 – 7:30
Higher-risk instruments with potentially higher returns
- MMMarina Mogilko
where does, uh, crypto, real estate, everything else fall into, like, how do you-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
- decide about those things? And, like, even individual stocks-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... 'cause Nvidia-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I know.
- MMMarina Mogilko
That's, like, [chuckles] one of the best investments ever.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, so I think there's this... So we'll talk about how to build wealth, because what I just kind of laid out for you in terms of the three-fund portfolio is a very safe way to compound your wealth. But if you wanna build wealth faster, typically you need to take a little more risk, and the more risk could involve individual stocks. It could involve you getting into real estate. It could go- it could be that you buy some crypto. Um, but for the general person who doesn't really wanna spend too much time investing, the portfolio I laid out earlier is perfect. Uh, you might wanna add 5% in alternatives, like crypto, uh, or real estate. You could do that.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But then, so, like, 'cause I'm thinking about myself, like, what, what number do you reach when you start thinking about
- 7:30 – 8:47
When to start investing in the stock market
- MMMarina Mogilko
something alternative? Like, okay, let's say, I don't know, 100K invested in the stock market. Is that the time to think about other things?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, that's a tough question. I think you can always think about it, but higher numbers, better for thinking about other things, because the way capital works, you know, if you get 10% on 100K, that's a lot more significant than 10% on $100. So as your numbers and your portfolio balance grows, you can maybe set aside a portion of your portfolio to take higher concentrated risks, so that you could try to make more money faster.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But you never start with it, right? You start with-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... ideally, you start with something that's-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I, ideally, you wanna get your base up to at least $100,000, and then you kind of-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Mm
- HYHumphrey Yang
... from there, maybe you take small, concentrated bets on things that you believe in. I think the danger of taking big swings when your portfolio is in, i- $100,000 already, is that you could, you could go to zero again, or it could be really demoralizing. Let's say you, you get your portfolio up to 50,000, and you spend half of it, and you put it into a individual stock that goes down 80%, then you're kind of right back where you started. Maybe, maybe you lost a few years of progress, and that can be really frustrating. So instead, what I like to see people do is get that momentum and keep that momentum going. Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Just invest, invest. How often do you
- 8:47 – 9:12
Investment schedule
- MMMarina Mogilko
check your balance?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Uh-
- MMMarina Mogilko
And how do you do regular investing? What would be your advice? Is it, like, manually or you can automate it?
- HYHumphrey Yang
You can automate it. So you can do something in your brokerage account or even your Roth IRA or IRA or 401 (k) , where you contribute a certain amount every interval. So typically, every two weeks is good, every month is good, too, but that's called dollar-cost averaging. You just wanna always buy into the market. Typically, people-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Is there a good
- 9:12 – 9:36
The main rule of investing
- MMMarina Mogilko
day? [chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
[chuckles]
- MMMarina Mogilko
I know for crypto, weekends are good, right?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Uh, I don't think there's ever such thing as a good day.
- MMMarina Mogilko
No? Okay.
- HYHumphrey Yang
I think it doesn't really matter. As long as you're consistently investing, I think that, that's more important.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Um, does it buy into, like... So you auto- you tell it, like, every second Monday of the month-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Sure
- MMMarina Mogilko
- you buy this-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... this and that. And every brokerage can do that?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Most brokerages have that feature, yeah. It's just called recurring investment.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Can you recommend maybe two or three brokerage
- 9:36 – 10:12
3 recommended brokerage apps
- MMMarina Mogilko
apps?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, my favorite brokerages are probably Fidelity. That's, like, the biggest kind of well, most ca- one of the most well-capitalized brokerages in the United States. Um, another one I think that's very beginner friendly, that got a lot of hate in 2021, was Robinhood, but they've made a lot of improvements since. You just have to kind of be careful there. It's a little more gamified.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And do they have a automated?
- HYHumphrey Yang
They do have automated.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, you can automate it. And then some other ones, like Schwab is fine. M1 Finance is good, too. Um, in general, the bigger the, the brokerage, usually the better.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So you mentioned those different accounts.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Sure.
- MMMarina Mogilko
You mentioned, like, brokerage-
- 10:12 – 13:15
Pros and cons of starting a 401(k) at the beginning of your investment journey
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yep
- MMMarina Mogilko
... like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yep
- MMMarina Mogilko
... general investment, 401 (k) , Roth IRA.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So if a person just starts investing-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm
- MMMarina Mogilko
... and they're aiming for, like, 10 years-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... would you start a 401 (k) , or would you just put it in a brokerage account? Because 401 (k) , you can only start taking out money when you're, like, 70-something, right?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I believe it's, uh, I think 401 (k) ... Sorry, I get, I get a lot of the, the accounts confused sometimes, but I'm pretty sure 401 (k) , you can start to take contributions out or, sorry, your earnings out at 59 and a half. But then they start requiring you to take money out around the age of 70 and a half.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, well-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I think that's required minimum distributions.
- MMMarina Mogilko
What's the general rule? Because when we started 401 (k) -
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm
- MMMarina Mogilko
... and we started only two years ago-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... because when I was talking to my husband, he's like: "Why would we just put money there?" And like, we're 34, like 33.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm.
- MMMarina Mogilko
"We're so active. Why don't we invest in business? Like, why would you invest in a 401 (k) ?" And I have my financial adviser, who was like, "Marina, you don't understand. Compound interest without-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Sure
- MMMarina Mogilko
... tax, that's a writer for your business." So he's kind of making us contribute every year. But for me, psychology, again, I come from a country where we had so many turmoils, where our savings just disappeared. So what would be your general advice, like, do you start with a general brokerage account, or you go straight into tax savings strategies?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, that's a great question. I believe with your audience, which probably a lot of them are non-US based, is my guess, you're gonna have a lot of skepticism when it comes to the 401 (k) . That makes total sense. And sometimes it's better to take control of your own destiny and just, like, take that money and go buy a house with it or buy a rental property with it, and you can tangibly see the money there. I get that, too. The reason why the 401 (k) in America is so good is that it's a forced savings mechanism, so it forces people to save that normally wouldn't save. If you're already a great saver, like, let's say you save 50% of your income, and you are a better active investor, or you feel like you can do some business with it, maybe you do that instead.... uh, if you need the money in 10 years, like what you just said, then you probably wouldn't invest it in a 401 [k] [chuckles] because-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... you gotta take that money out eventually, and if you put it in a 401 [k] , you're not gonna be able to take that money out for years.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But you can borrow against your 401 [k] .
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, you can borrow against it.
- MMMarina Mogilko
There are strategies.
- HYHumphrey Yang
There are some strategies-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- 13:15 – 15:43
Rent or buy: which is better?
- MMMarina Mogilko
talked about saving, et cetera. Um, what about real estate? What about, like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Do you rent or... Do you rent or?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I currently rent.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, but in San Francisco, it's a lot cheaper to rent than to buy, so I live in San Francisco, the city.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Is there a general rule? So you said in San Francisco, it's cheaper to-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... rent. Like, how do you calculate that?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Well, I look at how much I pay in rent, and I look at the comparable amount that I would pay in mortgage and what type of house that would afford me, and f- for the same amount of rent, I would not be able to afford anything nice. It's just, like, I could get maybe, like, a one-bedroom condo, and I live currently in a two-bedroom, two-bathroom.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So you're not-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Apartment
- MMMarina Mogilko
... following the rule where you live under your means, and-
- HYHumphrey Yang
No, I'm definitely living under my means, for sure. Yeah, but-
- MMMarina Mogilko
But not too low.
- HYHumphrey Yang
But not too low. Yeah, yeah. I mean, I still need space for, like, my studio, and, um, I realized I just kind of like a nicer place to live, so yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But don't you have FOMO of, like, missing out on prices rising-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... here?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I do, here and there.
- MMMarina Mogilko
'Cause they double every 10 years, right, here in the Bay?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, m- mostly. Not San Francisco condo market. That's kind of-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Oh, is it-
- HYHumphrey Yang
... stayed flat-
- MMMarina Mogilko
That's like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
... in the last 10 years
- MMMarina Mogilko
... a crazy market.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
It stayed flat.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- 15:43 – 17:00
Investing in real estate
- HYHumphrey Yang
yeah, definitely.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Do you... Have you bought anything, or what's-
- HYHumphrey Yang
No
- MMMarina Mogilko
... what's your plan here?
- HYHumphrey Yang
No, I want to buy something probably in the next year or two. So yeah, I'm still planning to, but mortgage rates right now are quite high-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... so waiting.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Are you gonna buy something to live in, or you're gonna rent it out?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I would buy something to live in, personally, yeah. I think I thought about renting things out, but I don't really wanna be someone's landlord. I think that's what I've realized.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Why not Airbnb, like, all the-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I don't wanna have to deal with it
- MMMarina Mogilko
... depreciation things?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I think I feel like I could give- just make way more money focusing on my main-
- MMMarina Mogilko
With the stock market?
- HYHumphrey Yang
... Or yeah, or just-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... focusing on my main business. Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Oh, interesting.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But you can have someone manage it.
- HYHumphrey Yang
I guess I could-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Okay. Okay, let's talk about-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I know you have an Airbnb, so-
- MMMarina Mogilko
No, like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
We can talk about it later
- MMMarina Mogilko
... I'm just trying to understand, like, other people's strategies.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And I totally see how Airbnb didn't really do anything in terms of, [chuckles] like, income this year. It's just lost money, and, you know, it generated good revenue, but it still went to, like, covering the mortgage, et cetera.
- 17:00 – 18:47
Crypto: what to buy in 2025
- MMMarina Mogilko
crypto.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Let's do it.
- MMMarina Mogilko
[chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
I like crypto.
- MMMarina Mogilko
I am so... [chuckles] Like, this year, I'm like, "Should I buy meme coins?"
- HYHumphrey Yang
Maybe you should.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, what do you think? Like, what, what would be the, what would be advice here?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Okay. My crypto advice from what I'm going to tell you right now is going to be very different from my YouTube channel. On my YouTube channel, my audience hates crypto. I've already tried to talk about Bitcoin. I've tried to talk about Ethereum. People are very anti-Bitcoin, Ethereum on the channel, and so, uh, I just tend to shy away from it on the channel. I think my personal opinion is that crypto is one of the best ways to kind of level out wealth in a way. It's almost like, like a meritocracy. So if you're able to identify really great coins and get in them early, that's like... People actually do make a lot of money with that. However, for every one person that makes, let's say, a 20x or a 50x on a crypto coin, you have 99 people losing all their money, and I think that is incredibly difficult. That's the incredibly difficult part about crypto, and with crypto, your greed gets imagine- like, unimaginably high. You get so greedy 'cause you're like, "Oh, I have a 5x. I want a 10x," and then, um, that's hard to manage emotionally.... And if you're in a- if you're buying a lot of crypto, you have to watch it all day because it's 24/7. It never stops. So there are a lot of mental issues, not mental issues I wanna say, but it ta- it takes a toll on your mind if you're investing in crypto. However, I have seen people turn a small amount of money into a large amount of money just by buying the right crypto coin, but even knowing the right crypto coin is tough.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And retiring at 20-something. [chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
Exactly.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So how do you... Have you tried picking
- 18:47 – 20:05
How to pick meme coins to invest in
- MMMarina Mogilko
meme coins to invest in?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yes, I have.
- MMMarina Mogilko
You have? How was it?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Some are great, some are bad.
- MMMarina Mogilko
How, what-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Net, I've- I'm up.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah.
- HYHumphrey Yang
And n- I do-
- MMMarina Mogilko
This year?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
You're doing it now?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So how do you find them? Through friends' chats?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Typically through friends' chats, yeah. I would say you have to be kind of plugged into a crypto community of some sort. You can do that by buying, like, let's say, let's say you have the most expensive NFT, right? Like, back in 2021, it was, like, a Bored Ape, right? They might have, like, a little insider group on Discord where you can kind of trade, trade, uh, ideas with each other. Um, the longer you're in the crypto space, the more you get to know the people on... In crypto. Sometimes there's crypto Twitter, so you get to know some of the influencers. Maybe if you know some of the influencers, that's great. If you work in crypto, right?
- MMMarina Mogilko
So it's mostly insider information.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I think there is some insider information, but there's also just, like, keeping a pulse of what's going on in the crypto markets. And you can even make money not being an insider, but you have to keep a pulse on what's going on all the time. And you have to be able to move fast, and you have to be very objective and not get too emotionally, like, tied into it. That's what's, that's what's very hard. 'Cause even if you're right, if you're emotionally too invested, and let's say you stay in the coin for too long, you could lose all your gains, so...
- MMMarina Mogilko
So you track every single day
- 20:05 – 20:24
How many coins does Humphrey own right now?
- MMMarina Mogilko
what's going on, and if you see it going down, you just sell?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Something like that. I mean, I only- I'm only in, like, four coins right now, but I used to be in, like... If you're in 10 to 20, it's hard to track everything. But if you're just in four, then you just check every, you know, you just check the four.
- MMMarina Mogilko
What is the platform that you're using for-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Uh-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Or is it a different platform for every-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I have Coinbase,
- 20:24 – 21:22
Which platform to use for crypto
- HYHumphrey Yang
and then I have, uh, a Solana wallet on Phantom, and then I have a MetaMask wallet for my Ethereum transactions.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Okay.
- HYHumphrey Yang
So those are decentralized exchanges.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But all your coins... Yeah, I have MetaMask, I have Coinbase, but I remember when I was trying to play with meme coins in 2021, I had to get on so many exchanges 'cause-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... they're all so different, different platforms. You know, they only launched on this exchange, and you're like, "Oh, I need to transfer money there and convert it into some weird coin to buy another weird coin."
- HYHumphrey Yang
These days, it's a lot easier. Mostly, it's just on, like, either- you're either on the Solana chain or you're on, let's say, Ethereum or Base, which is Coinbase-
- MMMarina Mogilko
So Phantom for Solana, Coinbase...
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah. It's not financial advice, but, you know, if you're trying to get into it, that's what you would do, but it's very hard. I would say if you're completely new to crypto, you probably won't make money. You kinda have to have a good network of people that you already know. You kinda have to get into it a little bit, or maybe you buy into a community, something like that.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Okay, let's, let's do a
- 21:22 – 24:56
Recommended % of your portfolio to invest into Bitcoin
- MMMarina Mogilko
simple strategy then. Let's do Bitcoin.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Uh, what would be your recommended percentage of the portfolio that goes into Bitcoin?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Of crypto?
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah. Uh, no, uh, in general.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Oh, um, if you believe in crypto for the long term, which Bitcoin is the best asset of all those, I'd probably put 3 to 5% of your portfolio in Bitcoin.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Three to five. Remember how it was 1 to 2%?
- HYHumphrey Yang
It was?
- MMMarina Mogilko
You know, like, three or four years ago, I'd ask everyone, everyone would be like, "1 to 2%." Now, I think BlackRock increased it from, like, 2% to 4% in their portfolio, and, like, suddenly my financial adviser is like, "Yeah, 5%." Holy cow, interesting.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, 5%. I mean, 5% is not gonna kill you.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Then it goes to 10, then it goes to... [chuckles] It's, it's taking over. I just... It's like, it's wild seeing this trend and, like, people believing in crypto and then suddenly not believing. It's just such a-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Well, I think this year was pretty monumental for Bitcoin in particular because of the ETF and also a lot of these institutions adopting it. So I don't think Bitcoin's gonna go anywhere, let's say, in 20 years. Um, there was kind of the threat of the quantum computer chip. Did you see that?
- MMMarina Mogilko
No.
- HYHumphrey Yang
The, the Google, Google released, like, a quantum chip-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, I saw that, yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... like, a couple weeks ago and, or maybe last week, and that kind of threatened Bitcoin because the whole idea was like-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Oh, 'cause it take a lot of energy to-
- HYHumphrey Yang
No, the idea was, like, the chip could just break crypt- uh, Bitcoin's encryption really fast. [chuckles]
- MMMarina Mogilko
Oh.
- HYHumphrey Yang
But-
- MMMarina Mogilko
It didn't?
- HYHumphrey Yang
No, it's not gonna happen, not yet, at least. I think that was, like, a, uh, a fleeting rumor or fleeting news, so that Bitcoin's price reacted a little bit, but then it just went back up.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Okay, so the, the strategy would be, okay, if it's 5%, and you don't wanna get on those exchanges, you can just basically buy an ETF through whatever-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... like Fidelity, right?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, you can get exposure through an ETF like Fidelity, yeah. The, like, Fidelity has their own ETF for Bitcoin, and they back it up with Bitcoin, so they buy Bitcoin to back their ETF, yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
That's great.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And if you have, say, $10,000 that you would put into crypto next year-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Okay
- 24:56 – 26:06
The worst financial decisions people can make
- MMMarina Mogilko
and do things with their money in 2025?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, so I really think it's, like, think about the things that kill your wealth early on, like, before you get to $100,000 in net worth, or let's say a big milestone, like, 50,000. If you kill your wealth shopping, doing dumb things, buying a new car you don't really need... Like, your, your case might be different. You might need a new car, and you have the funds that you could afford a new car.
- MMMarina Mogilko
You know-
- HYHumphrey Yang
For a lot of people-
- MMMarina Mogilko
... we spent, like, two hours yesterday with my husband, debating if $10,000 is worth saving, buying the new Model Y-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm
- MMMarina Mogilko
... or the old Model Y. And I'm like, "With the new, you get the service-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, sure
- MMMarina Mogilko
... you have the warranty and all of that." And I'm like: Is it worth the headache? But I could invest 10K in Bitcoin.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Sure.
- MMMarina Mogilko
It's just so hard to make those decisions.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Those decisions are harder the less money you have, right? Like, actually, they're easier the less money you have, which is, like, if you don't have that much money, don't spend 10K on, on the-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... new Model Y when you can buy the old Model Y.
- MMMarina Mogilko
How do you make those decisions? Do you come, come up with an Excel spreadsheet or-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Hmm
- MMMarina Mogilko
... and, like, calculate the NPV?
- HYHumphrey Yang
That's harder. No, that's definitely harder to make that decision, like, off the bat with, with, like... You kind of have to know your own personal situation, but your monthly payments
- 26:06 – 26:50
When you should sell your car
- HYHumphrey Yang
or your monthly payment for transportation should not be more than 10 to 15% of your gross income. So all of a sudden, let's say you make 50K a year. If your car payment is, like, $800 a month, like, that's clearly a poor financial decision.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And then there's insurance-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah. Oh, yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... and then there's the registration fee, which is-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Exactly. So I think a lot of people spend too much money on cars. That's typically a wealth killer, especially early on in your wealth-building journey. And in America, it's very common, right? That thing, everyone wants a fancy car and then credit card debt, anything that's slowing down your wealth building. I think that before you get to a milestone number, you should just be as frugal as possible and just get there quicker. 'Cause the quicker you get to that bigger number, the better that money will compound for you, let's say, invested.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Do you ever sell? Because
- 26:50 – 29:57
When to sell stocks
- MMMarina Mogilko
if you see the market is all-time high, you're kind of tempted to sell, and you're like, "Oh, let's sell, wait for another dip, or use this, um, upside to just finance my lifestyle this year and maybe not work."
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I mean, I... Okay, so my ideal holding period is typically forever. That's the best holding period, but sometimes, like right now, all my cash is fully deployed into the market.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Mm-hmm.
- HYHumphrey Yang
So I have, like-
- MMMarina Mogilko
All of your... What about your-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I have my emergency fund and, like, my business bank accounts.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Is it for business or just-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Both
- MMMarina Mogilko
... your personal?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I have both-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Both
- HYHumphrey Yang
... cash reserves for business and personal, but all my investing funds are deployed. Typically, I would like to see 10 to 15% of my cash in my portfolio. Like, that means of all my funds in my portfolio, I'd like to have 10 or 15% in cash.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Do you feel bad about that cash just [chuckles] in the account-
- HYHumphrey Yang
No
- MMMarina Mogilko
... when the market is growing so fast? No.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Because, because what happens if there's a correction or something, something unexpected happens? Then I'll have some cash to buy that dip up.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But that's in the high-yield savings account, or it's just a checking-
- HYHumphrey Yang
That's just in my brokerage account. It's probably ear- I think it earns 4.5% in the money market.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Oh, still... Okay.
- HYHumphrey Yang
But I want to have extra cash in my portfolio in case there's a dip or a big correction, or I can get some stocks for cheap if something bad happens. Um, right now, I don't have that cash. It's all fully in the market. So I'd like to sell a little bit of my positions just to, just to replenish that cash pile going into 2025 because right now, everything's all-time highs. It's really s- it's, it's kind of frothy, they call it, which means that it's frothing to the top. Which means it's not quite a bubble, but it's like... multiples are high right now. So-
- MMMarina Mogilko
So when- are you gonna sell this year or next year?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I would probably- if I sold, it would probably be before December 31st.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Mm-hmm.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Um, when you said you have this money in your brokerage account and it earns 4.5%, is it a standard thing that brokerages, brokerage accounts do?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Typically, yeah. Typically, if you're in the right brokerage, your money gets called swept into, like, a money market fund, which just means it's- it just sits in money market funds, and those money market funds typically pay around 4 to 4.5%.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So if I transfer-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Right now. It's right now
- MMMarina Mogilko
... Is that Fidelity, or-
- HYHumphrey Yang
That's F- that's in Fidelity, but I think Schwab probably does it, too.
- 29:57 – 30:46
Emotional investing
- MMMarina Mogilko
that are not part of your plan? So you have automated-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Oh, yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... investments.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
But, like, is there, like, a Monday every two months- [chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
No
- MMMarina Mogilko
... you sit or, like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
I'd say this year, maybe I've made four investments that weren't part of the original plan.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Can you share?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I bought some Coinbase, bought some Nvidia, and I bought some Robinhood.
- MMMarina Mogilko
I, I feel like everyone bought Nvidia. [chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
Coinbase, Nvidia, Robinhood, I bought all those, like-- I bought Robinhood in February and March, and then a lot in June and August. Coinbase, I bought some, I think, in February, and then N- Nvidia, I bought before an earnings report. I, I remember earn- [exhales] Nvidia was trading for, like, 665, and I was like: Oh, I wanna buy the earnings just for fun, and it, like, went up a lot. Yeah.... but, you know, 665 pre-split, so now it's 66.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So it's basically triggered by news,
- 30:46 – 32:08
How to decide what information to use when investing
- MMMarina Mogilko
and-
- HYHumphrey Yang
It's usually triggered by news, or I read, like, a quarterly report that I think is very, um, bullish for the company, and then I try to do some financial analysis on, like, what multiple is that company trading for, and do I think that's undervalued? So that was the case with Robinhood. Like, their user growth was off the charts. Everyone... They started innovating on all these products, right? They had, like, seven products coming out, including a credit card, which I thought would be really great for their business. Their average deposits were going up. They still had a long way to go before they reached, um, total addressable market for assets under custody. Like, Schwab has, like, $9 trillion under custody, and Robinhood had, like, $200 billion. So, like, there's a lot-- there's, like, a way, a long way to go, which I thought was good. And I also thought the price of the stock was beaten down because of the negative sentiment that it had from GameStop. Like, people just forgot about it. This was back in February. And I thought the multiples, I think, on it were pretty low. Like, it was valued... I don't remember the exact multiple, but it was valued lower compared to comparable tech companies.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Oh, that's a lot of analyzing.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, it was a lot-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Do you do that every day?
- HYHumphrey Yang
It was a lot of... No.
- MMMarina Mogilko
No?
- HYHumphrey Yang
That was only for that particular company. I was very interested in it, and I was reading a lot about their financials and reading a lot of their quarterly reports to make sure that I wanted to invest, uh, in that company.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And you do the same for your meme coin strategy, right?
- HYHumphrey Yang
No.
- MMMarina Mogilko
No?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Meme coins are kinda-
- MMMarina Mogilko
You see, you buy, and that's
- 32:08 – 32:28
Best way to pick meme coins to buy
- MMMarina Mogilko
it?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Meme coins are like, the le- the less you think about it is typically the better it does. [chuckles]
- MMMarina Mogilko
Okay.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah. I mean, you can do some research on it, but it's not gonna have the same... Like, you can't evaluate a meme coin like a stock. Like, a stock has fundamentals that it, that it has backing it, versus a meme is like, how good's the meme?
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah. Yeah.
- HYHumphrey Yang
It's not the same.
- MMMarina Mogilko
When, uh, talking about, like, the individual
- 32:28 – 33:10
The % of your portfolio to allocate to individual stocks
- MMMarina Mogilko
stock investments-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm
- MMMarina Mogilko
... what is the percentage of your portfolio?
- HYHumphrey Yang
For me-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... it's 50/50 now. So it's 50% is individual stocks, 50%'s ETFs. But that's only because all my individual stocks grew so much this year, like Nvidia is up, like, a crazy amount. Ideally, I'd like to have, like, 60 to 70% ETFs and then the rest in individuals. Um, but right now it's definitely higher individual than ETFs.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So basically, the strategy would be just, like, ideally, if you wanna follow your plan, you would sell some of the individual stocks to-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yes
- MMMarina Mogilko
... put it back in rebalancing?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Or whenever I add money into my portfolio next-
- MMMarina Mogilko
You're gonna buy ETFs
- HYHumphrey Yang
... I'll just buy ETFs to bring the weight back up. Yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Wow! So it looks like a lot of work for-
- HYHumphrey Yang
It's a lot of work
- 33:10 – 34:53
When to hire a financial adviser
- HYHumphrey Yang
for, I would say, the... Like, if you're working at, like, a corporate job-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... and you just don't wanna worry about it, just do ETFs.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, you just do the, the split that we talked about at the beginning.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm.
- MMMarina Mogilko
When does it make sense to hire someone to do that? Or does it-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, no, no, it does... It definitely makes sense to hire someone to do it if you don't wanna pay attention to it, and you need more financial guidance than, than most people. Like, that you don't wanna do it yourself, and you don't feel like you even wanna focus your time on it. 'Cause I'm in it every day, so it's a little different for me. Like, I like it. But if you don't like it, number one, and you probably have, like, a portfolio of, I'd say around 100K, starts to make sense. Anything below that, they might charge you too much for their services.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, and they charge, like, 1% or?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Typical financial advisers will charge you 1% of your f- of your portfolio size a year. Um, if you're lower than that, they might have just, like, a minimum fee, but even 1% is a lot, because 1% will com- eat into your compound growth over time. However, they can also offer you a lot more, um, advice than just investing. They can help you with estate planning, retirement planning, uh, your kids' education-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... college planning, stuff like that.
- MMMarina Mogilko
So-
- HYHumphrey Yang
They can do a lot more
- MMMarina Mogilko
... what's your general recommendation?
- HYHumphrey Yang
My opinion is, if you need more than investing advice, you go to a financial adviser. But if you just want investing, you know, like-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Just do it yourself.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, just do yourself.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Just do those splits.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Just do a split or do an ETF, yeah.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Okay. I think my question that's gonna wrap this up will be-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Okay
- MMMarina Mogilko
... how do you stay sane when the market [chuckles] goes down?
- HYHumphrey Yang
I would say, I always like to think of what the stock market might look like in 30 years from now. And so, you know, in 30 years from now, it's probably gonna be a lot, a lot higher than it
- 34:53 – 37:10
How to stay sane when the market goes down
- HYHumphrey Yang
is right now.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Is that what you say to yourself [chuckles] -
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... when things go down?
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, yeah. And, you know, drawdowns of 20 to 40% happen, so, like, your portfolio could be... Let's say your portfolio is at $100,000. It could go down to $60,000 in a year.
- MMMarina Mogilko
And if we remember-
- HYHumphrey Yang
And that would suck
- MMMarina Mogilko
... Great Depression, it could go to-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah
- MMMarina Mogilko
... almost zero. But how do you... How... Basically, i- it's like a conversation that you have with yourself-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, you do
- MMMarina Mogilko
... because when COVID happened, everyone was like: "That's pretty much like-
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm
- MMMarina Mogilko
... the Great Depression."
- HYHumphrey Yang
Mm-hmm.
- MMMarina Mogilko
"Okay, we're gonna lose everything. Let's..." Like 2008, and it keeps happening more often than it used to.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah. It, it's tough because I think, this goes back to not needing the money, right? If you don't need the money, and you can just leave it in the market and not touch it for a long time, then you're gonna be able to weather the-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Then don't touch it.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah. The- you're gonna be weather, weather those storms a lot easier. But, like, let's say you needed the money next year, and all of a sudden it's down 40%, you might be like: "All right, I just gotta sell, 'cause I don't want, want it to go down more." So that makes you more emotional. I think the longer time horizon you have, the less emotional you naturally are, because you don't have to worry too much about it. 'Cause you know in, like, 30 years, it'll be... Like, during the 2008 financial crisis, or let's say the COVID crash, if you told yourself in 30 years it'll be a lot higher, you'd just leave your money in, and you didn't even have to wait 30 years. You just had to wait a year, and then it was a lot [chuckles] higher than it was, so.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, same with cryp- with crypto, right? When Bitcoin went down so much, people were, like, selling off, panicking, and also, social media doesn't help. So everyone is... [chuckles]
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, I think that's the problem, is that investing takes a long time, and we live in an age where everything is, i- is instant. And you, you're overloaded with news and information, and CNBC, and people saying you should sell everything, and-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah
- HYHumphrey Yang
... it's not-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Panicking.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah. Really, you should just invest and just, like, forget about it for, like, 15 years and come back and go, "Oh, great!"
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah, that's the best.
- HYHumphrey Yang
Yeah, that's, that's what you should do-
- MMMarina Mogilko
Really hard
- HYHumphrey Yang
... but most people can't do it.
- MMMarina Mogilko
Yeah.
Episode duration: 37:10
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