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How to Control Your Metabolism by Thyroid & Growth Hormone

This episode I discuss metabolism and how our thyroid hormone and growth hormone control our metabolism. I also clarify that metabolism isn't just about burning energy, it’s about converting energy from different sources into fuels for building and repairing our tissues such as muscle, brain, and tendons and mobilizing energy from body fat storage. I discuss the role of iodine, selenium, and salt for thyroid health, and how specific exercise protocols, amino acids and temperature can dramatically shift levels of growth hormone release in waking and in sleep. I also describe the current landscape of prescription compounds, peptides and other factors for changing levels of thyroid and growth hormone, and some of their risks. Throughout the episode, mechanism and tools grounded in specific mechanisms are discussed. Thank you for your interest in science! #HubermanLab #Metabolism #Hormones Supplements from Thorne: http://www.thorne.com/u/huberman Social: Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab Twitter - https://twitter.com/hubermanlab Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab Website: https://hubermanlab.com Join the Neural Network: https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network Link to recent study on thermal stress and hormones: Endocrine Effects of Repeated Hot Thermal Stress and Cold Water Immersion in Young Adult Men: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33845653 Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction 00:06:05 Thyroid & Growth Hormone 00:08:44 Food Shapes: Do They Matter? 00:11:43 Stevia: Naming & Impact 00:13:30 Metabolism 101: Your Brain the Furnace 00:17:33 Releasing Hormones From Your Brain, Stimulating Hormones from Your Pituitary 00:21:04 Thyroid Hormone’s Real Effects: Growth, Repair and Energy Consumption of Tissues 00:22:45 Iodine, L-Tyrosine & Selenium: The Trio Essential For Thyroid Function 00:26:05 How Much Iodine Do We Need? By Food, Supplement or Ocean Air 00:28:09 Selenium For Thyroid: Brazil Nuts & Other Valuable Sources 00:33:05 Selenium For Pregnancy, Prostate Cancer Risk, Acne 00:35:20 “Clean Eating” Downsides: Cruciferous Vegetables, Leeching Iodine 00:39:00 Other Benefits of Iodine: Reducing Inflammation 00:41:00 Why & How Increased Thyroid Increases Metabolism 00:42:12 What To Eat To Support Your Brain 00:43:00 Hyperthyroidism (Too Much) & Hypothyroidism (Too Little) 00:44:35 Menstruation: Thyroid Carbohydrate & Sugar Craving 00:45:33 Ketogenic Diet & Its Effects On Thyroid, Rebound Weight Gain 00:48:39 Growth Hormone: What, Why & How 00:51:18 Growth Hormone (GH) Changes Across The Lifespan & Risks of GH Therapy 00:53:40 How To Powerfully Increase Growth Hormone: Know The Natural TriggerS 00:54:49 Not Eating Within 2hrs of Sleep: Keep Blood Glucose Low(ish) At Sleep 00:55:43 Delta Wave Brain Activity Is the Trigger For Growth Hormone Release 00:58:25 LOW Doses of Melatonin Supplementation For Increasing GH Release 01:01:00 Book: Altered Traits, Binaural Beats? Delta Waves Access 01:04:35 Specific Types & Duration of Exercise That Stimulate Growth Hormone & Warmups 01:08:40 Keeping Low Blood Glucose & Ensuring A Cool Down For Two Phase GH Release 01:10:36 Sex Differences For WHEN During Exercise Growth Hormone and IGF-1 Release Occurs: Males Have To Last Longer 01:14:10 Supplements That Increase Growth Hormone 100-400% (or more): Arginine, Ornithine 01:18:20 Arginine & Exercise Together Can Be Counter-Productive 01:19:50 L-Citrulline Better For Arginine Than Arginine Itself (?!); & Blood Pressure Caution 01:23:09 Growth Hormone Changes Across The Lifespan: No One Escapes 01:26:00 Heat (& Cold) for Triggering Extremely Large Increases In Growth Hormone 01:29:20 Specific Heat Protocols For Increasing Growth Hormone: Up To 16-Fold (?!) 01:34:30 2021 (New) Study: Heat Increases GH, & Lowers Cortisol, No Effects On Testosterone, DHEA Or Prolactin 01:36:00 Prescription Growth Hormone, & Emerging Peptides Therapeutics, Secretagogues Etc. 01:42:25 Synthesis, Summary Of Actionable Steps For Increasing GH and Thyroid Hormone 01:44:00 Zero Cost & Other Ways to Support Our Podcast; & Thank You! Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac https://www.blabacphoto.com The Huberman Lab podcast is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.

Andrew Hubermanhost
Apr 25, 20211h 46mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Master Your Metabolism: Thyroid, Growth Hormone, Sleep, Heat, Exercise

  1. Andrew Huberman explains how thyroid hormone and growth hormone are the two dominant levers for setting overall metabolism, influencing body composition, tissue repair, and brain function. He lays out the core endocrine logic—hypothalamic releasing hormones, pituitary stimulating hormones, and peripheral gland outputs—then applies it to thyroid (T3/T4) and growth hormone/IGF‑1. The episode emphasizes actionable ways to support healthy thyroid (iodine, selenium, L‑tyrosine, carbohydrate intake) and to boost growth hormone (sleep architecture, feeding windows, specific exercise protocols, heat exposure, and select amino acids). He also briefly addresses misconceptions about “organ-shaped foods,” clarifies stevia science, and outlines the risks and realities of exogenous hormones and peptide drugs.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Support thyroid hormone with iodine, selenium, and L‑tyrosine from diet or supplements.

The thyroid relies on adequate iodine, L‑tyrosine, and selenium to produce active T3 (and T4). Most iodized table salt supplies sufficient iodine, but very “clean” diets (low salt, no seaweed, limited animal products) or heavy cruciferous vegetable intake can create relative iodine shortfalls. Selenium is often the true bottleneck: ~100–200 mcg/day is typical, and 6–8 Brazil nuts can exceed 500 mcg, while most other foods provide only 30–50 mcg at reasonable portions. Checking your intake and, with medical guidance, correcting deficiencies can improve metabolism, tissue repair, and cognitive support.

Recognize metabolism as brain‑heavy and repair‑centric, not just fat‑burning.

About 75% of basal metabolic needs are driven by the brain, not movement. Thyroid and growth hormone support not only body composition (more muscle, less fat) but also bone density, cartilage integrity, wound healing, and cognitive maintenance across the lifespan. Thinking in terms of fueling and supporting these hormone pathways—rather than chasing single “brain foods” or weight‑loss tricks—provides a more scientifically grounded approach to health.

Use sleep timing and feeding windows to naturally boost nightly growth hormone.

Growth hormone is secreted in large pulses during early‑night slow‑wave (delta) sleep. Two conditions maximize this: getting into deep sleep early in the night and avoiding high blood glucose/insulin near bedtime. Not eating within ~2 hours of sleep, or at least avoiding high‑sugar foods at night, supports GH release. Very low‑dose melatonin (~300–500 mcg, not multi‑milligram doses) may modestly shift sleep toward more slow‑wave early in the night and enhance GH in some people, but it interacts with reproductive hormones and should be used cautiously.

Structure exercise to exploit large, safe spikes in growth hormone and IGF‑1.

Both resistance and endurance exercise can boost GH 300–500% when done properly: warm up for ~10 minutes to raise body temperature, then perform ~60 minutes of relatively intense work (near but not absolute muscular failure), avoiding sports drinks or high sugar during the session. Cooling back to normal body temperature afterward (cool environment, shower, etc.) seems to preserve an additional GH surge during that night’s sleep. Studies show women tend to get their biggest GH/IGF‑1 bump in the first 30 minutes; men more around 60 minutes.

Consider heat exposure (sauna or safe hyperthermia) as a powerful GH tool—cautiously.

Short bouts of high‑heat exposure (e.g., 20 minutes in an 80–100 °C / 175–212 °F sauna, 30 minutes cool‑down, then another 20 minutes; repeated across days) have been shown to increase growth hormone as much as ~16‑fold. This is likely due to overlap between hypothalamic temperature‑sensing neurons and GH‑releasing neurons. However, hyperthermia can be dangerous—overheating can cause brain and organ damage—so any sauna or DIY heat protocol must be medically cleared, progressed gradually, and never pushed to extremes.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

Metabolism isn’t just about losing weight; it’s about the rate at which your brain and body use and convert energy for growth, repair, and function.

Andrew Huberman

Releasing hormone comes from the brain. Stimulating hormone comes from the pituitary. The gland then releases the hormone that does the work in the body.

Andrew Huberman

If you haven’t had a carbohydrate for a year, your T3 and T4 levels are going to be pretty low.

Andrew Huberman

Exercise done properly can give you a 300 to 500 percent increase in growth hormone, and you can get another big pulse that night during sleep.

Andrew Huberman

Deliberate hyperthermia—sauna—can increase growth hormone release up to sixteen-fold, but anytime you’re messing with heat, you have to be extremely cautious.

Andrew Huberman

Endocrine logic: hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamus–pituitary–growth hormone (HPGH) axesThyroid hormone (T3/T4), metabolism, and nutrient cofactors (iodine, selenium, L‑tyrosine)Diet patterns, cruciferous vegetables, ketogenic diets, and their impact on thyroidGrowth hormone physiology, IGF‑1, aging, and sex‑specific exercise responsesBehavioral tools to increase growth hormone: sleep, feeding timing, exercise, and saunaSupplement-based tools: arginine, L‑citrulline, ornithine, microdose melatoninRisks and roles of exogenous hormones and peptides (e.g., sermorelin, ipamorelin)

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