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How to Shape Your Identity & Goals | Dr. Maya Shankar

In this episode my guest is Maya Shankar Ph.D., a cognitive scientist, former senior advisor to the White House and Chair of the White House Social and Behavioral Sciences Team. She is the creator and host of the podcast A Slight Change of Plans. We discuss how our identities develop and change, how our beliefs and internal narratives shape our perception of self and how to use structured introspection about our values to determine our goals. We discuss how to cope and grow through uncertain situations, especially those that force us to reexamine our roles and identity. Dr. Shankar shares her experience of redefining her identity after an early career-ending setback. She also explains numerous science-based strategies to effectively define goals, structure our goal pursuits and maintain consistent motivation. This episode provides a science-supported toolkit and roadmap to assess your identity and goals and positively transform in the face of change. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Maui Nui Venison: https://mauinuivenison.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/huberman Supplements from Momentous https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman Huberman Lab Social & Website Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab Threads: https://www.threads.net/@hubermanlab Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hubermanlab LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-huberman Website: https://hubermanlab.com Newsletter: https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network Dr. Maya Shankar Website: https://mayashankar.com A Slight Change of Plans: https://apple.co/slightchangeofplans TED Talk: https://youtu.be/Tt0arZN6EBM YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@drmayashankar Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drmayashankar Twitter: https://twitter.com/slightchangepod Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/drmayashankar Publications: https://mayashankar.com/publications Articles On the dimensionality of odor space: https://bit.ly/475304P Computations of uncertainty mediate acute stress responses in humans: https://go.nature.com/43y8IJG The End of History Illusion: https://bit.ly/3KcPkeh Achievement Goals and the Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation: https://bit.ly/3rFmrkz They Saw a Game: A Case Study: https://bit.ly/44YMphc The Fresh Start Effect: Temporal Landmarks Motivate Aspirational Behavior: https://bit.ly/46Tszps Holding the Hunger Games Hostage at the Gym: An Evaluation of Temptation Bundling: https://bit.ly/44Zax3d Books Chatter: The Voice in Our Head, Why It Matters, and How to Harness It: https://amzn.to/3pZl4g6 Awe: The New Science of Everyday Wonder and How It Can Transform Your Life: https://amzn.to/3QaS0Nw Get It Done: Surprising Lessons from the Science of Motivation: https://amzn.to/3pRxtTu The War for Kindness: Building Empathy in a Fractured World: https://amzn.to/3Kailra Thinking, Fast and Slow: https://amzn.to/3q3u1VN Other Resources Identity Paralysis: https://bit.ly/3rFjEYE Reginald Dwayne Betts: https://nyti.ms/3O52uLx Rick Rubin: How to Access Your Creativity (Huberman Lab episode): https://bit.ly/44Bjb8B Dr. Arie Kruglanski & Cognitive Closure: https://bit.ly/3KanqQ4 Dr. Ethan Kross & Venting: https://bit.ly/3Qbrt2E Slight Change of Plans - Daryl Davis episode: https://bit.ly/3Y6cCbA Let’s See a Game: https://bit.ly/44Oca3U Peak-end Rule: https://bit.ly/3rIyo9i Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Maya Shankar 00:02:37 Sponsors: Maui Nui Venison & Eight Sleep 00:05:15 Identity Foreclosure, Identity Paralysis, Throughlines 00:12:10 Identity & Adolescence; “Essence” & Shame 00:16:58 Delight & Awe 00:23:00 Delight & Possibilities for Self 00:29:28 Playing Violin, Childhood 00:34:54 Sponsor: AG1 00:35:58 Intrinsic Motivation; Juilliard & Courage 00:45:43 Competitive Environments; Curiosity & Growth 00:53:46 Re-Creating of Self 01:00:51 Pop-Science, Science Accessibility 01:05:25 Sponsor: InsideTracker 01:06:32 Passions & Curiosity 01:13:20 Change, Cognitive Closure, End-of-History Illusion 01:22:29 Self-Awareness & Critical Feedback 01:30:48 Tools: Flexible Mindset; Reframing & Venting; Gratitude 01:40:13 Tool: Framing Goals 01:47:13 Tool: Agency in Goal Pursuit 01:52:25 Tool: Like-Minded People & Goal Pursuit; Challenging Beliefs 02:01:27 Cultivating Open-Mindedness & Empathy 02:08:15 Building Self Narratives: Empathy, Burnout 02:13:56 Tools: Goal Setting 02:19:54 Tool: “Middle Problem”, Maintaining Motivation 02:24:55 Tool: Aversion & Memory, Peak-End Rule 02:31:41 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous, Neural Network Newsletter, Social Media Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac - https://www.blabacphoto.com Disclaimer: https://hubermanlab.com/disclaimer

Andrew HubermanhostMaya Shankarguest
Jul 24, 20232h 33mWatch on YouTube ↗

CHAPTERS

  1. 0:00 – 10:40

    Intro, Sponsorships, and Guest Background

    Huberman introduces the podcast’s mission and today’s guest, cognitive scientist Dr. Maya Shankar, outlining her unusual trajectory from Juilliard-trained violinist to Rhodes Scholar, White House behavioral scientist, and podcast host. He previews the episode’s focus on identity, goals, and how to align what we do with who we are, then reads sponsor messages.

  2. 10:40 – 18:20

    Childhood Identity, Foreclosure, and Losing the Violin

    Maya explains how childhood identities are shaped by observation and by imposed labels, introducing ‘identity foreclosure’ and ‘identity paralysis.’ She recounts how her entire sense of self was wrapped up in being a violinist until a hand injury at 15 abruptly ended her career, leaving her disoriented and forced to rethink what defined her.

  3. 18:20 – 38:20

    From “What” to “Why”: Discovering a Durable Identity Throughline

    Maya describes how she reframed her identity around the deeper ‘why’ behind violin—emotional connection and understanding minds—rather than the instrument itself. She shows how that throughline now appears in her science, public policy, and podcasting work, and offers a practical exercise for listeners to uncover their own throughlines.

  4. 38:20 – 56:40

    Awe, Delight, and Seeing a Place for Yourself

    Huberman and Shankar dive into the psychology and personal experience of awe and delight, distinguishing them from simple ‘yum/yuck/meh’ reactions. They discuss how awe involves vastness and a need to accommodate new information, and how delight often emerges when one sees an active role for themselves in an awe-inspiring domain.

  5. 56:40 – 1:20:00

    Family, Intrinsic Motivation, and Crashing Juilliard

    Maya traces her early musical development within a supportive but non-tiger-parent family. She explains how intrinsic motivation and an unconventional teacher nurtured her love for violin, and tells the story of her mother literally walking her into Juilliard, leading to an impromptu audition and a pivotal summer boot camp.

  6. 1:20:00 – 1:46:40

    Competition, Comparison, and Losing Joy in High-Pressure Environments

    At elite camps and Juilliard, Maya encountered true prodigies and peers making extreme sacrifices, fueling both inspiration and chronic self-comparison. She notes that her joy in music actually declined in adolescence as performances shifted from awe-filled connection to self-conscious benchmarking in front of peers.

  7. 1:46:40 – 2:26:40

    Losing the Violin and Discovering Cognitive Science

    After her hand injury, Maya describes feeling unmoored, with even her natural curiosity dampened. On her father’s advice, she read widely and stumbled on Steven Pinker’s ‘The Language Instinct,’ which blew her mind and opened a new world: understanding how the brain and mind work, and seeing a role for herself in that world.

  8. 2:26:40 – 2:51:40

    Uncertainty, Change, and the End-of-History Illusion

    Maya explains why change is so frightening: humans are averse to uncertainty and prone to the illusion that who they are now is who they will always be. She introduces cognitive closure and the end-of-history illusion, arguing that recognizing our own psychological malleability can make major life changes feel more manageable.

  9. 2:51:40 – 3:16:40

    Finding Better Data on Ourselves: Diverse People, Third-Person Self-Talk, and Venting

    They discuss how limited and biased our self-knowledge can be, and how to gather better ‘data’ on who we are. Maya recommends seeking out different kinds of people, inviting honest feedback, and using distancing techniques like third-person self-talk and structured venting to get more objective about our own stories and blind spots.

  10. 3:16:40 – 3:53:20

    Group Identity, Bias, and Changing Minds Across Divides

    Maya illustrates how group loyalties distort perception (e.g., football referee call studies) and why facts alone rarely change minds. She shares the story of Daryl Davis, a Black jazz musician who persuaded dozens of Ku Klux Klan members to leave white supremacist groups, and connects his intuitive methods to cognitive science research on persuasion.

  11. 3:53:20 – 4:16:40

    Rethinking Empathy: Emotional, Cognitive, and Compassionate, Plus Burnout

    They unpack common misconceptions about empathy and outline three distinct forms: emotional, cognitive, and empathic concern. Maya explains why overreliance on emotional empathy can lead to burnout, while cognitive empathy and compassion are both trainable and protective, and suggests we start treating them like ‘empathy languages.’

  12. 4:16:40 – 4:45:00

    Goal-Setting: Approach vs Avoidance, Agency, Slack, Fresh Starts

    Maya dives into behavioral science on goals, particularly research by Ayelet Fishbach and Katy Milkman. She explains how small changes in how we define goals—approach vs avoidance framing, who sets the target, building in ‘slack’, and timing goals to fresh starts—can significantly improve adherence and motivation.

  13. 4:45:00 – 5:15:00

    The Middle Problem, Temptation Bundling, and the Peak-End Rule

    Addressing why motivation often fades midway through pursuits, Maya outlines the ‘middle problem’ and offers two science-based tools: shortening goal timeframes and use of temptation bundling. She also describes the peak-end rule for how we remember experiences, and how tweaking the end of unpleasant tasks can make us more likely to repeat them.

  14. 5:15:00

    Closing Reflections on Identity, Curiosity, and Tools for Change

    The conversation wraps with mutual reflections on curiosity, flexibility, and the value of continually updating one’s beliefs. Huberman underscores Maya’s rare blend of breadth and depth, and they reiterate the central themes: define yourself by why, stay curious about yourself and others, and use science-based tools to reshape both identity and daily behavior.

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