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Nutrients For Brain Health & Performance | Huberman Lab Podcast #42

This episode I describe science-supported nutrients for brain and performance (cognition) and for nervous system health generally. I describe 10 tools for this purpose, including specific amounts and sources for Omega-3 fatty acids which make up the "structural fat" of neurons (nerve cells) and allow them to function across our lifespan. I also review data on creatine, phosphatidylserine, anthocyanins, choline, glutamine and how they each impact brain function in healthy people seeking to reinforce and improve their cognition and in those combatting cognitive decline. I describe both food-based and supplement-based sources for these compounds, and their effective dose ranges based on peer-reviewed literature. Then I review the 3 factors: gut-brain signaling, perceived taste, and learned associations that combine with the metabolic and blood-sugar-elevating effects of food to determine what foods we seek and prefer. Amazingly, it's not just about what tastes good to us. Next, I explore how we can leverage the neural circuits of learned food preference toward seeking and enjoying the right foods for brain health and performance. I also review new data on non-caloric sweeteners and why consuming them with glucose-elevating foods can be detrimental, in some cases rapidly leading to insulin dysregulation. This episode covers more than 10 actionable tools for those seeking to improve and/or maintain brain function, and it explains modern neuroscience underlying of our sense of taste, our food seeking preferences and brain metabolism. #HubermanLab #Diet #Brain Thank you to our sponsors: ROKA - https://www.roka.com -- code: "huberman" InsideTracker - https://www.insidetracker.com/huberman Headspace - https://www.headspace.com/specialoffer RETHINK EDUCATION: The Biology of Learning Featuring Dr. Andrew Huberman: https://youtu.be/Oo7hQapFe3M Our Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/andrewhuberman Supplements from Thorne: http://www.thorne.com/u/huberman Social: Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/hubermanlab Twitter - https://twitter.com/hubermanlab Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/hubermanlab Website - https://hubermanlab.com Newsletter - https://hubermanlab.com/neural-network Links: Review on Anthocyanins & Cognition - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/23/4255 Review on Creatine & Brain Health Studies - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/586 Review on "Rethinking Food Reward" - www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011643 Timestamps: 00:00:00 Food & Brain Function Introduction 00:02:08 Summary: Critical Aspects of Time Restricted Feeding/Fasting 00:04:19 Sponsors: Roka, Athletic Greens, Headspace 00:08:24 Neuroplasticity Super Protocol (Zero-Cost Tools) Online 00:09:22 Eating to Enhance Brain Function & Foundational Aspects of Brain Health 00:13:00 Eating Fats for Brain Health, EFAs Phospholipids (Tool 1: 1-3g EPA Omega-3/day) 00:20:35 Phosphatidylserine (Tool 2: 300mg/day) 00:22:15 Choline, Egg Yolks (Tool 3: 1-2g/day Threshold) 00:28:26 Hydration & Electrolytes (Tool 4) 00:29:50 Liquid Fish Oil/Capsules (2-3g EPA per day; 300mg Alpha GPC 2-4X/week) 00:32:22 Creatine for Cognition (Tool 5: 5g/day) 00:36:28 Anthocyanins, Dark Skin Berries (Tool 6-10mg/day (Extract), 1-2 cups Berries) 00:41:19 L-Glutamine (Tool: 1-10g/day) & Offsetting Apnea & Inflammation 00:49:23 Neural Basis of Food Preference, Yum, Yuck, Meh; Taste, Guts, & Beliefs 00:55:25 Taste is 100% In your Head 00:59:50 Gut Neurons Controlling Food Preference: Neuropod Cells; (Tool 7: Fermented Foods) 01:06:14 Capsule Probiotics, Brain Fog 01:07:16 Learning to Like Specific Tastes: Sweetness & Brain Metabolism 01:12:11 Hard-Wiring & Soft-Wiring 01:13:25 Artificial & Non-Caloric Sweeteners: Safe or Harmful Depends on (Glucose) Context 01:18:15 Non-Caloric Sweetener & Insulin; (Tool 8: Don’t Have w/Glucose Elevating Foods) 01:22:17 Beliefs & Thoughts; The Insula; (Tool 9: Pairing-Based Reshaping Food Preferences) 01:30:42 Liking Neuro-Healthy Foods & Bettering Brain Metabolism (Tool 10); Food Wars 01:36:05 Food Reward & Diabetes, Obesity; Important Review Article (See Caption) 01:38:28 Synthesis, Zero-Cost Support, Future Topic Suggestions, Sponsors, Supplements Please note that The Huberman Lab Podcast is distinct from Dr. Huberman's teaching and research roles at Stanford University School of Medicine. The information provided in this show is not medical advice, nor should it be taken or applied as a replacement for medical advice. The Huberman Lab Podcast, its employees, guests and affiliates assume no liability for the application of the information discussed. Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac - https://www.blabacphoto.com

Andrew Hubermanhost
Oct 17, 20211h 41mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Rewire Food Cravings To Fuel Lifelong Brain Health And Performance

  1. Andrew Huberman outlines specific nutrients and foods that directly support neuron structure, brain metabolism, cognition, and long‑term brain health, distinguishing them from general health modulators like sleep and exercise. He highlights a short list of evidence-backed compounds—omega‑3s (especially EPA), phosphatidylserine, choline, creatine, anthocyanins from berries, and glutamine—and explains how to obtain them from both food and supplements.
  2. The episode then explains why we crave certain foods through three converging signals: conscious taste, subconscious gut–brain signaling of nutrient content, and belief-driven cortical influences. Huberman reviews cutting-edge research on how gut neuropod cells, blood glucose utilization, and dopamine shape food preference and metabolic health.
  3. He details how artificial and non-caloric sweeteners can disrupt insulin responses when paired with carbohydrates, potentially driving pre-diabetic states, and clarifies when their use is relatively safe. Finally, he shows how to deliberately rewire taste and craving circuits—leveraging brain plasticity and belief—to make healthier, brain-supportive foods more appealing over 1–2 weeks.
  4. Overall, the episode provides a practical, mechanistic roadmap for using nutrition, conditioning, and mindset to enhance brain function, offset cognitive decline, and regain control over food choices.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Prioritize omega‑3s (especially EPA) to structurally support neurons and mood.

The fatty membranes of neurons and glial cells are built from structural fats, particularly essential fatty acids. Most people get sufficient omega‑6 but insufficient omega‑3, especially EPA. Ingesting roughly 1.5–3 g/day of EPA (from fatty fish like mackerel, salmon, sardines; caviar; or plant sources like chia, walnuts, algae-based products; or fish/krill oil supplements) supports neuron integrity, cognition, cardiovascular health, and can rival some antidepressants in improving mood, often allowing lower doses of antidepressant medication.

Use phosphatidylserine and choline to bolster cognition and focus.

Phosphatidylserine, abundant in meats, fish, and to a lesser extent cabbage/fermented cabbage, has been shown at 300 mg/day to modestly improve cognition and slow cognitive decline. Choline, mainly from egg yolks (and also potatoes, nuts, seeds, grains, some fish, and plant foods), is a key precursor for the neuromodulator acetylcholine, which underpins focus and alertness. Most people should aim for ~500–1000 mg/day of choline via food and, if needed, supplements like alpha‑GPC (commonly 300 mg; higher doses used clinically for cognitive decline).

Creatine, anthocyanins, and glutamine offer additional cognitive support.

Creatine (5 g/day, usually creatine monohydrate) not only supports muscle performance but also brain energy metabolism and frontal circuits involved in mood and motivation, with particular benefit for people not consuming meat. Anthocyanin-rich berries (e.g., 60–120 g blueberries/day or ~400–600 mg anthocyanin extract) modestly improve memory, reduce oxidative damage, and slow cognitive decline, especially in older adults. Glutamine from protein-rich foods (meat, fish, dairy, eggs, beans, cabbage, spinach, parsley) or 1–10 g supplements can support immune function, reduce inflammation, dampen sugar cravings via gut signaling, and help offset cognitive deficits from hypoxia (e.g., sleep apnea, altitude).

Respect general modulators: consistent sleep, exercise, hydration, and electrolytes are prerequisites.

Foundational factors like high-quality, regular sleep and 150–180 minutes/week of cardiovascular exercise are non-negotiable for brain health, influencing oxygen and nutrient delivery and linking strongly to dementia risk and cognitive performance. Adequate hydration plus sodium, potassium, and magnesium are essential for neuronal electrical activity across lipid membranes. Nutrients discussed in the episode work best on top of, not instead of, these baselines.

Food preference arises from three converging signals: taste, gut nutrient sensing, and belief.

Taste receptors (sweet, bitter, umami, salty, sour) send signals from tongue to brainstem and insula, giving conscious ‘yum/yuck/meh’ experiences. In parallel, specialized neuropod cells in the gut sense amino acids, fats, and sugars, sending subconscious signals via the vagal pathway/nodose ganglion to dopamine circuits, driving repeat seeking of nutrient-dense foods (or processed foods with ‘hidden sugars’). A third layer from prefrontal cortex and insula incorporates beliefs and expectations about what a food contains and how healthy it is, which can alter hormonal responses, perceived satiety, and even how good it tastes over time.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

The foods that we eat actually provide the structural basis, the building blocks of the very neurons that allow us to think over time.

Andrew Huberman

What your brain is seeking when you eat is not taste, is not dopamine, is not even a rise in blood glucose. What you're seeking is things that allow your neurons to be metabolically active.

Andrew Huberman

Artificial sweeteners are not bad for you in and of themselves. Whether or not you ingest them alone or with foods that raise blood glucose is vitally important.

Andrew Huberman

Foods impact our brain and its health, but they also impact how our brain functions and responds to food. And that is largely a learned response.

Andrew Huberman

If there's a food that you want to consume more of because it's good for you, pair it with something that provides a shift in brain metabolism… within 7 to 14 days that food will taste better to you.

Andrew Huberman

Direct brain-supportive nutrients and their food/supplement sourcesDistinction between modulators (sleep, exercise) and mediators of brain healthTaste, gut–brain signaling, and dopamine in food preferenceArtificial and non-caloric sweeteners, insulin, and metabolic healthMechanisms to rewire food cravings and preferencesRole of the insula, hypothalamus, and reward circuitry in eating behaviorGut microbiome, fermented foods, and healthy nutrient sensing

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