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No Priors Ep. 37 | With Kawal Gandhi

As the Lead for Generative AI in the Office of the CTO for Google Cloud, Kawal Gandhi has a unique vantage point on enterprise AI roll out. Sarah Guo and Elad Gil sit down with Gandhi this week to discuss his insights on how enterprises can effectively invest and roll out AI development and tools, the best use cases for Google Colab TPU, and Google’s internal AI applications driving external customer success. Plus, when will email get more efficient? Kawal Gandhi works in the Office of the CTO of Google Cloud, where his main focus is AI/ML. He has worked at Google for nearly a decade in search and ad roles before focusing on the development and marketing of AI tools. 00:00 - Generative AI in Google Cloud 09:05 - AI Adoption for Enterprise 13:31 - Multi-Modal AI Models 16:19 - AI Adoption, Investment Cost, Anti-patterns 24:43 - Google's TPU and NVIDIA GPU shortage 31:00 - Data Marketplace and Model Training

Sarah GuohostKawal GandhiguestElad Gilhost
Oct 18, 202332mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Inside Google Cloud’s Generative AI Strategy: Models, Trust, and Scale

  1. Kawal Gandhi from Google Cloud’s Office of the CTO explains how generative AI has become a core differentiator for Google Cloud, evolving from internal tooling and Workspace experiments into broadly available platform capabilities. He describes how customers progress from quick API prototypes to production systems that demand governance, reliability, and secure data handling. Gandhi highlights Vertex AI’s model garden, domain-specific models like Med-PaLM, and support for open-source models, all underpinned by Google’s infrastructure, TPUs/GPUs, and operational tooling. A major theme is building trust: starting with efficiency and productivity gains, then expanding to creative and multimodal use cases as costs fall and organizational maturity rises.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Start with simple, high-leverage efficiency use cases before ambitious projects.

Enterprises that first apply generative AI to clear efficiency wins—like customer support, internal knowledge access, or basic content generation—build internal trust and measurable KPIs before moving to more creative or mission-critical applications.

Use off-the-shelf APIs and existing models to prototype before fine-tuning.

Many teams initially rush into training or fine-tuning, then backtrack to simply experiment with high-quality APIs; proving value with existing models reduces risk and clarifies whether custom models are truly needed.

Treat data security and governance as first-class design constraints.

Google emphasizes tenant isolation, strict access controls, logging, and no cross-customer data leakage; organizations should similarly define guardrails, ownership of model weights, and compliance requirements early in any AI initiative.

Build a staged trust model: efficiency → productivity → creativity.

Gandhi frames adoption as a progression: use AI to streamline workflows, then boost productivity (recommendations, promotions, coding assistance), and only then rely on it for creative, higher-impact tasks as confidence and reliability grow.

Plan for inference scalability, not just model training.

The hardest problems increasingly sit in scaling inference for fast-growing applications and future multimodal workloads; teams must architect for latency, cost control, and resilience from day one, regardless of TPU vs GPU choice.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

It's not hype. It's real excitement because engineers, we love it... you wanna show the art of the possible.

Kawal Gandhi

We are on that trust cycle of like, how do we trust these models? They do what we think, they don't go off, they don't hallucinate.

Kawal Gandhi

The expensive part is now becoming cheap. It's the models, the availability, the usage of the platform.

Kawal Gandhi

Models in my mind are like 50–60% of the work, and how do you leverage your current investment is 30–40%.

Kawal Gandhi

From the beginning, we just made sure that all of their data, all of their models, all of their weights, that's like their IP, and we wanna safeguard that.

Kawal Gandhi

Evolution of AI within Google Cloud and internal dogfooding (Workspace, Duet AI)Vertex AI, model garden, and domain-specific / open-source model supportEnterprise adoption patterns, use-case sequencing, and trust-buildingVertical and horizontal use cases: sales/marketing, customer support, internal opsMultimodality (text, images, audio/video) and safety concernsInfrastructure, TPUs vs GPUs, scaling inference, and cost curvesData security, governance, synthetic data, and partner ecosystem for labeling/RLHF

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