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Re:Thinking with Adam GrantRe:Thinking with Adam Grant

What if Congress was randomly selected?

Hélène Landemore is a political scientist at Yale who studies democracy. She has a radical idea for fixing politics: what if we replaced career politicians with citizen assemblies, filled with people chosen by lottery? In this episode, Hélène and Adam discuss the history of this idea, tracing back to Ancient Greece and the birth of democracy, as well as recent examples of countries and states that have tried this bold method of governance. Hélène responds to some common questions and concerns about citizen assemblies, and Adam breaks down some evidence supporting the notion that ordinary citizens may be more fit to serve and lead than professional politicians. Host & Guest Adam Grant (Instagram: @adamgrant | LinkedIn: @adammgrant | Website: https://adamgrant.net/) Hélène Landemore (Website: https://www.helenelandemore.com/) Links Politics Without Politicians: The Case for Citizen Rule - https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0593713982 Join us in person at a TED conference: https://tedtalks.social/events Become a TED Member to support our mission: https://ted.com/membership Subscribe to a TED newsletter: https://ted.com/newsletters Follow TED! X: https://www.twitter.com/TEDTalks Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ted Facebook: https://facebook.com/TED LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/ted-conferences TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@tedtoks Podcasts: https://www.ted.com/podcasts The TED Audio Collective is a collection of podcasts for the curious. The TED Audio Collective videos may be used for non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons License, Attribution–Non Commercial–No Derivatives (or the CC BY – NC – ND 4.0 International) and in accordance with our TED Talks Usage Policy (https://www.ted.com/about/our-organiz...). For more information on using TED for commercial purposes (e.g. employee learning, in a film or online course), please submit a Media Request at https://media-requests.ted.com.

Hélène Landemoreguest
Feb 10, 20261mWatch on YouTube ↗

CHAPTERS

  1. 0:00 – 0:30

    Randomly selected leaders may show less hubris and more service

    Landemore argues that leaders chosen by lot are less prone to ego and the “chosen one” mentality than leaders who win elections. Random assignment, she suggests, nudges leaders toward a servant-leadership posture.

    • Random selection can reduce leader hubris
    • Elected leaders may internalize a sense of being uniquely qualified
    • Randomly chosen leaders may feel accountable as temporary stewards
    • Servant leadership is more likely when power is not “won”
  2. 0:30 – 0:51

    The biggest political danger: selfishness, not ignorance

    She claims the core problem in modern politics isn’t a lack of knowledge but self-interest. Knowing you were randomly assigned to govern can act as a check against pursuing personal or factional gain.

    • Politics is threatened more by selfishness than ignorance
    • Random assignment can curb self-serving behavior
    • Temporary, non-career roles can reduce incentive for corruption or grandstanding
    • Legitimacy comes from civic duty rather than personal ambition
  3. 0:51 – 0:52

    Where sortition fits—and where it doesn’t: Congress vs. the presidency

    Landemore draws a boundary around how far random selection should go. She’s skeptical of randomly selecting a U.S. president due to concentrated power, but more open to random selection for a large, deliberative body like Congress.

    • Randomly selecting a single powerful executive is too risky
    • Group decision-making bodies diffuse risk and power
    • Congress’s size makes random selection more plausible
    • Sortition is framed as potentially better than current electoral alternatives
  4. 0:52 – 1:07

    The jury analogy: if citizens can judge guilt, why not make policy?

    She points to juries as an existing, trusted institution built on random selection. If society accepts random citizens making high-stakes legal judgments, she asks why we wouldn’t trust them with legislative work too.

    • Jury duty is a working example of democratic sortition
    • Random citizens already make consequential decisions in courts
    • The analogy reframes governing as a civic responsibility
    • Challenges the assumption that only professional politicians can legislate

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