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Re:Thinking with Adam GrantRe:Thinking with Adam Grant

What if Congress was randomly selected?

Hélène Landemore is a political scientist at Yale who studies democracy. She has a radical idea for fixing politics: what if we replaced career politicians with citizen assemblies, filled with people chosen by lottery? In this episode, Hélène and Adam discuss the history of this idea, tracing back to Ancient Greece and the birth of democracy, as well as recent examples of countries and states that have tried this bold method of governance. Hélène responds to some common questions and concerns about citizen assemblies, and Adam breaks down some evidence supporting the notion that ordinary citizens may be more fit to serve and lead than professional politicians. Host & Guest Adam Grant (Instagram: @adamgrant | LinkedIn: @adammgrant | Website: https://adamgrant.net/) Hélène Landemore (Website: https://www.helenelandemore.com/) Links Politics Without Politicians: The Case for Citizen Rule - https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0593713982 Join us in person at a TED conference: https://tedtalks.social/events Become a TED Member to support our mission: https://ted.com/membership Subscribe to a TED newsletter: https://ted.com/newsletters Follow TED! X: https://www.twitter.com/TEDTalks Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ted Facebook: https://facebook.com/TED LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/ted-conferences TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@tedtoks Podcasts: https://www.ted.com/podcasts The TED Audio Collective is a collection of podcasts for the curious. The TED Audio Collective videos may be used for non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons License, Attribution–Non Commercial–No Derivatives (or the CC BY – NC – ND 4.0 International) and in accordance with our TED Talks Usage Policy (https://www.ted.com/about/our-organiz...). For more information on using TED for commercial purposes (e.g. employee learning, in a film or online course), please submit a Media Request at https://media-requests.ted.com.

Hélène Landemoreguest
Feb 10, 20261mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Randomly selecting Congress could reduce hubris and political selfishness

  1. Randomly chosen leaders may exhibit less hubris because they were not “chosen” through a status-conferring election.
  2. Landemore frames the core political risk as selfishness rather than ignorance, suggesting sortition can reduce self-serving behavior.
  3. She distinguishes between concentrating power in one randomly selected executive (too risky) and distributing power across a large randomly selected legislature (more plausible).
  4. The jury system is presented as a working precedent: if citizens can determine guilt or innocence, they may also be capable of making laws and setting policy.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Random selection can reduce leaders’ sense of entitlement.

Without the psychological reinforcement of winning an election, randomly selected representatives may be less prone to “I know best” thinking and more inclined toward servant leadership.

The proposed fix targets selfishness more than ignorance.

Landemore suggests the central democratic threat is self-interest; knowing you’re temporarily and randomly tasked with lawmaking may discourage personal empire-building.

Sortition is safer in groups than in single-person roles.

A randomly selected president would concentrate too much power in one unvetted individual, while a large randomly selected Congress diffuses risk across many members.

Juries provide a concrete model for citizen governance.

Society already entrusts random citizens with high-stakes judgments in courts, which Landemore uses to argue citizens could also deliberate and decide on policy.

Legitimacy can come from fairness of the selection process, not just elections.

The argument implies that “random but representative” selection may be viewed as a fair mechanism—potentially increasing trust compared with partisan electoral competition.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

When groups randomly elect a leader as opposed to choosing a leader, um, the leader shows less hubris.

Hélène Landemore

I think the, the biggest danger we have right now in politics is not ignorance, it's selfishness.

Hélène Landemore

And knowing that you are randomly assigned to make laws and to set policy, I think is a tremendous protective mechanism against selfishness.

Hélène Landemore

I don't think it would be a good idea, for example, to randomly select a president in the United States. W- giving one person randomly that much power seems like a risky endeavor.

Hélène Landemore

And so if we are willing to let randomly selected jurors do the work of judges and determine the innocence or guilt of a, of a person, why would we not extend that to saying random citizens can do the work of politicians?

Hélène Landemore

Sortition (random selection) vs electionsHubris and servant leadershipSelfishness vs ignorance in politicsPower concentration vs power distributionRandomly selected Congress feasibilityJury duty as democratic precedentCitizen competence and legitimacy

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