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What Now? With Trevor NoahWhat Now? With Trevor Noah

The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie  | What Now? with Trevor Noah Podcast

This week we’re joined by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie to discuss her brilliant new novel and how she approaches the alchemy of writing fiction.

Trevor NoahhostChimamanda Ngozi Adichieguest
Mar 20, 20251h 39mWatch on YouTube

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Transcript

  1. 0:00 – 0:58

    Intro

    1. TN

      This message is a paid partnership with Apple Card. One of my favorite things to have on hand these days is my Apple Card. It's made to be simple and private, and getting it was pretty simple too. It takes minutes to apply. Check your credit limit offer and start using it right away with Apple Pay. You could apply for it while waiting in line to get coffee, and then use it to buy your coffee. I also like that you can get up to 3% daily cash back on every purchase, which can be put into a high-yield savings account that you can open through Apple Card, so you can really put your money to work. Apply in the Wallet app on your iPhone and start using Apple Card right away. Subject to credit approval. Savings is available to Apple Card owners, subject to eligibility. Savings and Apple Card by Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Salt Lake City branch. Member FDIC. Terms and more at applecard.com. [paper rustles]

  2. 0:58 – 8:53

    Nigerian influence on self-confidence

    1. TN

      Like I, I, I always said, and I mean this is something that I learned in South Africa because we have such a large Nigerian population. I always go, like, Nigerians were the first Africans who taught me to believe in myself. Do you know what I mean?

    2. CA

      Mm.

    3. TN

      Like every other African that I met always had like a, a certain level of like, "How you doing?" It was like, "Ah, I'm okay. I'm, you know, I'm fi-". Like, you know, we even say in South Africa, we'd be like, "Ah,

    4. SP

      Yeah.

    5. TN

      "I, you know, I make-

    6. SP

      I'm getting by.

    7. TN

      "I try. I... " You know? And Nigerians, I remember like literally were the first ones who were like, "You're not trying, you're doing."

    8. SP

      [laughs]

    9. CA

      [laughs]

    10. TN

      "You are doing it. What do you mean you are trying? Are you not winning?" And I was like, "I mean, yeah. I mean..."

    11. CA

      Really?

    12. TN

      They're like, "No, you are winning. You are, don't say you are trying when you are doing." [upbeat music] This is What Now? with Trevor Noah. Hi.

    13. CA

      Hey.

    14. TN

      Hmm.

    15. CA

      [speaks foreign language] Hello you.

    16. TN

      Wait, what's your name?

    17. CA

      Christiana.

    18. TN

      Christiana.

    19. CA

      Namnonga.

    20. TN

      Okay.

    21. CA

      Seven. No. Hello Trevor.

    22. TN

      How are you?

    23. CA

      I'm, I'm well. Bit... I'm tired.

    24. TN

      Tired?

    25. CA

      Tired. Mm.

    26. TN

      Or would you-

    27. SP

      You don't look tired, you look great

    28. TN

      ... you look fantastic. But wait, wait, tired, tired from life or tired from... No, I've always feel like you should ask people, 'cause sometimes we ask people, "How are you?" Then they'll say, "Tired." You think they mean they haven't slept, but what they mean is, "I'm exhausted."

    29. CA

      They're tired of life.

    30. TN

      I'm... No, you-

  3. 8:53 – 15:00

    Discussion of Dream Count Novel

    1. CA

      it's a workshop. No, I mean, this is amazing. But, but, but, you know, but, but I think it can be a good thing, right? For someone, and usually it's, it's, it's my wonderful Nigerians, "Oh, Chimamanda, I love your work." And I, so I said to him once, I was like, "Which one have you read?" [laughs] He said, "I've read them." I said, "Which one have you read?" He's like, "Um, the, the one about Biafra." I said, "Okay, what happened in it?"

    2. TN

      [laughs]

    3. CA

      [laughs] So he starts laughing.

    4. TN

      Wow.

    5. CA

      So he starts laughing, and then he tells me, "I'll read it, I'll read it."

    6. TN

      [laughs]

    7. CA

      [laughs] You know, and then when, when it's people, when, when it's non-Nigerians, you know, usually I can tell, but then I'm s- I'm slightly gentler because, you know, sometimes non-Nigerians don't know how to handle the sort of Nigerian directness. Yes.

    8. TN

      Yeah.

    9. CA

      But I think in general, because I n- I, I want it to be read, I've always wanted to be read, and, and I really do feel very grateful. You know how you said people have to say that, gr-

    10. TN

      Yeah

    11. CA

      ... but I am actually quite grateful to be read. But I think fame was never a thing that I sought.

    12. TN

      Mm-hmm.

    13. CA

      And i- in some ways also because I'm not on social media, because I, I, sometimes I'm still surprised, I'm just like, "Oh, so that person actually knows me." So I'm not ... Yeah, it doesn't occupy me.

    14. TN

      Was, was that a, was that an intentional choice to not be on social media?

    15. CA

      Yes, yes. Yes.

    16. TN

      Wh- what was it?

    17. CA

      Um, self-preservation.

    18. TN

      Huh.

    19. CA

      So not in a high-minded way, by the way. Just because I know that I will get into fights-

    20. TN

      [laughs]

    21. CA

      ... with people. [laughs] And it will not end well.

    22. TN

      [laughs]

    23. CA

      [laughs] So I thought- So you, you're the person, you would reply if somebody at you and says something you don't like? Oh, I would find where you lived- [laughs] ... and come to your house. [laughs]

    24. TN

      You know, that's how we met.

    25. CA

      Yeah. Wait, what? How we-

    26. TN

      That's how, that's how Christiana and I met

    27. CA

      ... I, I'd love to tell the story.

    28. TN

      You-

    29. CA

      It's crazy. When Trevor first got his job at The Daily Show, he had, um, a, a guest on that I didn't agree with, that I thought he shouldn't have had it. I stand by that.

    30. TN

      Uh-huh.

  4. 15:00 – 35:39

    Exploring fame's impact on art and authenticity

    1. TN

      the past 10 years. So when I was doing The Daily Show, most of my life was just in America and in the US. I couldn't really leave much. And now I get to spend more time going back to South Africa and traveling around, and one of the biggest things I've realized is in America, f- more than most places I've been to, people wear their politics as their culture.

    2. CA

      Mm.

    3. TN

      But where I'm from, your culture is your culture.

    4. CA

      Mm.

    5. SP

      Yeah.

    6. TN

      Do, do you know what I mean?

    7. SP

      Yeah.

    8. CA

      Absolutely.

    9. TN

      So no one would dare say, "Where I'm from, I am a Republican, or I am..." No, no, no. I'm Xhosa, I'm Zulu.

    10. CA

      Mm.

    11. TN

      I'm Tswana, I'm Pedi, I'm-

    12. CA

      But that's also because our politics in Africa is not ideological though.

    13. TN

      Oh, what do you mean-

    14. CA

      That's-

    15. TN

      What do you mean by that?

    16. CA

      But it's not though. It's, I mean, is there in South Africa a party that you could say is on the left and on the right and in the center based on their policies?

    17. TN

      You know, now, I know it sounds crazy, but because of Trump, they're emerging in some ways. But previously there wasn't ... I, let's put it this way. All the major parties in South Africa will have very similar, um, promises or ideals.

    18. CA

      Mm-hmm.

    19. TN

      They just have differences on how they believe they're gonna get there. So-

    20. CA

      Mm

    21. TN

      ... most of them wouldn't argue that healthcare is a right. They all go like, "No, no, we, everyone should have healthcare, and there should be free education and they..." But then they'll argue about the permutations of how to get there. To, and I think at that, you know, in agreeing with what you're saying.

    22. CA

      Yeah, but I'm just thinking about what ... I, I think that this kind of polarization, even that word I don't like, I think it preceded Trump.

    23. SP

      Interesting.

    24. CA

      I think Trump maybe it was, but do you ... I mean in-

    25. SP

      I, I think I ... It was p- I felt it with Trump.

    26. CA

      Yeah. Yeah.

    27. SP

      Maybe, maybe, maybe that's a result of like the bubble I was in myself.

    28. TN

      Yeah, yeah.

    29. SP

      I just think we're in a time where people feel really defensive about what they believe, and there's not much step- base for negotiation.

    30. TN

      I felt-

  5. 35:39 – 45:00

    Critique of American Academia

    1. SP

      I'm, I'm interested because we kind of started this, where we're talking about, you know, you, you don't look at the fame, you don't think about audience.

    2. CA

      Mm. For fiction.

    3. SP

      For fiction.

    4. CA

      Mm.

    5. SP

      Are there moments when you're writing fiction when you're like, "That feels ... I can't go there"?

    6. CA

      Never.

    7. SP

      Never?

    8. CA

      Nope.

    9. SP

      Okay.

    10. CA

      Nope.

    11. SP

      So you, it's kind of there's a fearlessness that comes with-

    12. CA

      Yeah, yeah

    13. SP

      ... the fiction.

    14. CA

      Yeah. I call it a radical honesty.

    15. SP

      Okay.

    16. CA

      And that's the only way that I can feel happy. [laughs] Fiction really makes me happy when it's going well, really makes me happy. And, and I can tell when ... And I, you know, there a few times in my life when I've held back in my fiction, and I, I can tell.

    17. SP

      Okay.

    18. CA

      You know, I can tell that I, um ... In some ways, it's like letting yourself down. I can tell.

    19. SP

      Can you say when you felt you held back?

    20. CA

      In some of the stories in The Thing Around Your Neck-

    21. SP

      Okay

    22. CA

      ... I think that I, you know, I held back in a way.

    23. SP

      Why? Why did you? I know you don't like the why questions-

    24. CA

      Um-

    25. SP

      ... but why did you?

    26. CA

      [laughs] No, this is a different one-

    27. SP

      [laughs]

    28. CA

      ... different, different kind of why question. Um, I guess because I- This, I just felt like maybe I just shouldn't go there, maybe I shouldn't be as honest as I think, maybe I shouldn't let this character be its full self in a way, um, his or her full self. I don't know. But anyway, the point is, I think if I learned anything from doing that, it's that it just doesn't make me happy. It doesn't feel true. It doesn't feel authentic. I, so some of those short stories I don't like actually. But no, Dream Count, no, I, I don't hold back. I, I go where the character takes me. [laughs]

    29. SP

      [laughs]

    30. CA

      It's a revelation.

  6. 45:00 – 1:00:00

    Discussion about love and relationships in literature

    1. TN

      uh, deposition or whatever it might be, and it sullies somebody's case that's not involved with that dep-

    2. CA

      Yeah

    3. TN

      Do you know what I mean? But it just-

    4. CA

      The, the spectacle of it all, you know-

    5. TN

      It, it, it just creates noise-

    6. CA

      ... diminishes the gravity of what's happening

    7. TN

      ... and it creates-

    8. CA

      Yeah

    9. TN

      Uh, another example is the Luigi Mangione.

    10. CA

      Oh, but we like to see Luigi.

    11. TN

      Yeah, but what I was saying is-

    12. CA

      He's handsome

    13. TN

      ... but I was going like, "How-

    14. CA

      [laughs]

    15. TN

      You tell me, you tell me how you have that trial when the, publicly they've already said-

    16. CA

      Yes

    17. TN

      ... you know-

    18. CA

      Yeah

    19. TN

      ... the shooter, and when he shot.

    20. CA

      Yes.

    21. TN

      And how do you now then have-

    22. CA

      Yes

    23. TN

      ... a trial of somebody-

    24. CA

      Yes

    25. TN

      ... when, when that's already been done?

    26. CA

      Yeah.

    27. TN

      And you see, it, it's interesting when you say that and you talk about the perp walk.

    28. CA

      Yeah.

    29. TN

      I can think of maybe at least 10 examples in the book where the fiction of this book still comments on the realness of, of, of America, and it's like-

    30. CA

      Mm-hmm

  7. 1:00:00 – 1:22:09

    Critique of American academia and institutional trust

    1. TN

      the ... You, you weren't there at The Daily Show yet, but in our, in our first few years we went to, um, we went to New Hampshire for the primaries. And I remember being so shocked at how Lindsey Graham's team was buddy-buddy with Hillary Clinton's team, and Lindsey Graham would send Hillary Clinton birthday messages and talk about her family. When you saw these people on a stage speaking about each other, they, they didn't even mince words. They would say, "This person is gonna destroy this country. They are killing this country." They ... You know, and I've spoken to people who are far smarter than me in the world of politics, and they say it all started with Clinton around the Monica Lewinsky. They say that's when American politics became personal and, like, quote-unquote, "evil, not evil". You know?

    2. CA

      They say it was created by Newt Gingrich.

    3. TN

      Yeah, yeah. But I think that's where it be-

    4. SP

      Mm

    5. TN

      ... it became a thing. So if your leaders are saying ... You see, now this is where now we come back to other politics.

    6. SP

      Mm.

    7. TN

      One of the things I've loved about going back to South Africa frequently is realizing that even in the, the doldrums of, of fighting in, in, in, in politics, I've never heard a politician say the other person is the devil. Or they're destroying the country or they, they don't agree with how they're doing it. They'll say they're incompetent at their job. They haven't met service delivery.

    8. CA

      Mm-hmm.

    9. TN

      They, they ... But I, I really, I'm, maybe my memory-

    10. CA

      Those ad hominem kind of-

    11. TN

      Those, those attacks were-

    12. CA

      Yeah

    13. TN

      ... the thing, think of the things that people have said, right, about other politicians, and then think of how incongruous that is with them and how they are with each other. They have lunch together.

    14. CA

      Mm.

    15. TN

      They have dinner together. They, they, right? What then happens is their fans then adopt a thing that they don't believe in, but now the fans are the ones who control the theater of it all, the spectacle. And I don't know if you-

    16. CA

      Mm-hmm

    17. TN

      ... there's a really, um, amazing documentary I watched, uh, about, um, Vince McMahon. It's, it's fa- fascinating. Even if you don't like wrestling, I recommend everybody watch this thing.

    18. CA

      I was going to say, who is Vince McMahon?

    19. TN

      Vince McMahon is the man who basically made wrestling what it is today, right? I promise you now, don't you d- ... It, it's even better if you don't like wrestling, in fact. Go and watch it.

    20. CA

      [laughs]

    21. TN

      And one of the most revealing-

    22. CA

      Trevor, life is so short. There's so mu-

    23. TN

      Oh, let me tell you

    24. CA

      ... so much I want to watch and I have less-

    25. TN

      I would not recommend this to you-

    26. CA

      [laughs]

    27. TN

      ... if I did not believe it would give you-

    28. CA

      But-

    29. TN

      ... an, an insight into America that very few documentaries can, right? Because one of the main things it shows you is how, like, there's a, there's a point where, long story short, the wrestling federations are splitting, and the wrestlers decide before these ... like, a few of the wrestlers leave. They decide they're gonna give each other a big hug on the stage and they're gonna ... They'll basically drop the, the facade. And you should see the crowd and the way they react. The crowd, I was like, "But surely they know that it's not real."

    30. CA

      Wait, wait. So the crowd got very angry.

  8. 1:22:09 – 1:36:37

    Analysis of American perspective on global issues

    1. CA

      ... So for me, when you talk about understand, I would always go, yeah, if somebody has a funny accent, it can be funny. But don't ever forget that it means that they speak another language fluently.

    2. TN

      Mm.

    3. CA

      That's why they have the accent.

    4. TN

      Mm.

    5. CA

      And so when, when I, when I think of these things, I, I, I was, I was doing shows in the Middle East, and my friend said to me, "Hey, man, uh, I mean, uh, don't ... aren't you conflicted? You go to the Middle East, and you do shows, and..." And I said, "What am ... what do you want me to be conflicted about?" And they said, "Well, I mean, you know, the, the, their views on gay marriage." And I said, "It's interesting that you ask me this because America's views on gay marriage are, are not as, as old as you think." Like, this is a now thing. Do, do you get what I'm saying?

    6. TN

      Yeah, but we have to remember homophobia is alive and well in America.

    7. CA

      But what I'm saying is-

    8. TN

      [laughs]

    9. CA

      ... what, what, what got me with that was I was saying I'm not dismissing it. F- f- far from it, you know what I mean? But what I'm saying is it's interesting how, for me, when America has finished with an issue or has decided a place, it then now goes, "That is correct now for the world."

    10. TN

      Yep, yep.

    11. CA

      So before gay marriage is accepted in America, Americans go like, "No, gay marriage is ... No, God ... Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve. Come on. We all agree on this." America says, "Gay marriage," and then America goes around, on a conquest around the world pointing at every country to be like, "Where's your gay marriage?" And then I go, "Guys, how old is the UAE as a-

    12. TN

      Mm

    13. CA

      ... as a place?"

    14. TN

      Mm.

    15. CA

      Like, as a, as an actual country, how old is it?

    16. TN

      Mm.

    17. CA

      And I go, if you look at the advancements they've made-

    18. TN

      Mm

    19. CA

      ... in the time that they've been a country versus how long it took America to get to those places, it's actually pretty impressive. Now, you want them to do it overnight because you've already agreed upon it, but you're not giving them their time to get to it, which I think we all do as people. Why have you not found Jesus yet?

    20. TN

      [laughs]

    21. CA

      I found Jesus. Then you're like, "Yeah, but there was a time when you hadn't found Jesus."

    22. TN

      [laughs]

    23. CA

      Yes, but now that I've-

    24. TN

      You know-

    25. CA

      ... found Him, why don't you find Jesus? Do, do you understand what I'm saying?

    26. TN

      Yeah. When you say we all do it, I don't think we all do it. But anyway.

    27. CA

      Or maybe you ... I think-

    28. TN

      I don't.

    29. CA

      Yeah. No, but I think when I say all, I mean the collective-

    30. TN

      Mm

  9. 1:36:37 – 1:39:13

    Fiction as the last frontier of truth

    1. TN

      to. Because in a weird way, fiction creates, I mean, just the most real reality.

    2. CA

      It does. It does.

    3. SP

      You couldn't have said it better.

    4. CA

      [laughs]

    5. SP

      Bravo.

    6. CA

      [laughs] People should read more novels and short stories.

    7. TN

      I agree.

    8. CA

      And sometimes even the old ones, because there's just lovely wisdom in them, I think.

    9. TN

      Mm.

    10. CA

      I mean, you know-

    11. TN

      Do you have any favorites you'd recommend?

    12. CA

      Um, old or, or recent?

    13. TN

      No, old. Old. Yeah, old.

    14. CA

      I really like Middlemarch. I think it's very, it's very long, but it's very wise and just really ... I was going to say teaches you, but actually it does. [laughs]

    15. TN

      Yeah.

    16. CA

      You know, in a way that you're having fun, but you're also learning and, and you're in the hands of a very wise writer. There's a, a wonderful writer from Poland who wrote this book called The Beautiful Missus, and I cannot pronounce the name, Seidenman. But if you just Google The Beautiful Missus, it, I'm sure Google-

    17. TN

      It'll come up. Yeah, it will come up

    18. CA

      ... will think. I also just find it very wise. I love realism. I don't really like speculative fiction. I'm not interested in science fiction. And I, I, I just feel like I learn the most from novels because I learn about human beings.

    19. TN

      Mm.

    20. CA

      And I think it helps, it helps me understand the world and helps me ... Oh, there's something I forgot to say, which I have to say.

    21. TN

      Which is?

    22. CA

      So I increasingly am, am fascinated by how what people think is sophisticated is, in fact, not at all.

    23. TN

      Hmm.

    24. CA

      I mean, there, there's a sense in which the, the arguments and the positions are really incredibly simple and simplistic. But, but the people who, who talk about them think that they're very sophisticated.

    25. TN

      Yes.

    26. CA

      And I'm thinking about that because of what you said about a certain kind of, um, maybe an ins- an insufficient self-knowledge. So in other words, the way that America thinks that it is still leading the world-

    27. TN

      Yes

    28. CA

      ... is the same way that I think certain people in America think that they're incredibly sophisticated in their thinking, but actually it's very provincial and simple.

    29. TN

      Yes. That I can agree with.

    30. SP

      Mm. Yeah.

Episode duration: 1:39:13

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