
How To Maximise Your Brain's Performance - Louisa Nicola
Louisa Nicola (guest), Chris Williamson (host), Narrator
In this episode of Modern Wisdom, featuring Louisa Nicola and Chris Williamson, How To Maximise Your Brain's Performance - Louisa Nicola explores sleep, Stress, And Training: How To Unlock Peak Brain Performance Neuroscientist and performance coach Louisa Nicola explains how she optimizes the brains of elite athletes and high‑stakes traders using neuroscience, sleep science, and targeted training. She distinguishes between the brain’s “hardware” (structure) and “software” (cognition, reaction, decision‑making), and shows how both can be measured and improved with EEG, protocols, and lifestyle changes.
Sleep, Stress, And Training: How To Unlock Peak Brain Performance
Neuroscientist and performance coach Louisa Nicola explains how she optimizes the brains of elite athletes and high‑stakes traders using neuroscience, sleep science, and targeted training. She distinguishes between the brain’s “hardware” (structure) and “software” (cognition, reaction, decision‑making), and shows how both can be measured and improved with EEG, protocols, and lifestyle changes.
A major focus is sleep quality—especially deep and REM sleep—and its impact on immunity, hormones, reaction time, and information processing speed, with evidence that even one week of six‑hour nights alters the expression of hundreds of genes. She also covers hydration, omega‑3 supplementation, magnesium and sleep stacks, temperature‑controlled sleep, and HRV as key levers for brain performance.
Nicola outlines practical training methods such as Zone 2 cardio, hand‑eye and balance drills, mouth taping, breathwork, and cold/heat exposure, emphasizing consistency over hacks. She contrasts athletes and traders in their attitudes to performance, stress, and accountability, and touches on emerging topics like psychedelics and visual training.
Key Takeaways
Prioritize deep and REM sleep, not just hours in bed.
Six hours or less per night for a week changed the activity of 711 genes in healthy adults, downregulating immune function and upregulating genes linked to tumors, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease; deep sleep drives growth hormone and testosterone release, while REM consolidates learning and memory.
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Treat sleep like a performance variable, not a bank account.
You can’t “repay” lost sleep on weekends; missed deep and REM sleep are functionally gone, so aim for consistent bed and wake times, no food within three hours of sleep, and no caffeine after midday to protect nightly recovery and brain function.
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Hydration and electrolytes are non‑negotiable for cognitive speed.
Neurons rely on sodium‑potassium pumps and fluid balance to fire; even mild dehydration degrades thinking, reaction time, and movement precision, so Nicola prescribes individualized electrolyte protocols based on sweat tests, especially for athletes.
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Build a basic brain‑support supplement stack thoughtfully.
Nicola strongly favors high‑quality EPA/DHA fish oil (e. ...
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Use structured training to enhance reaction time and decision‑making.
Zone 2 cardio (about 3x/week for ~50–60 minutes) improves mitochondrial quality and HRV, while drills like standing on one leg and throwing a tennis ball at a wall, slack‑block balance work, eye patches, and strobe goggles target hand‑eye coordination, visual processing, and cerebellar balance control.
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Optimize HRV and stress resilience via recovery and routine.
HRV reflects autonomic nervous system adaptability and is primarily measured during sleep; improving it means focusing on high‑quality sleep, consistent schedules, clean nutrition (minimal alcohol and drugs), appropriate training loads, and simple daytime down‑regulation practices like silent periods or breathwork.
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Leverage cold and heat exposure, but time them correctly.
Regular cold immersion (e. ...
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Notable Quotes
“The brain is the powerhouse of the entire system.”
— Louisa Nicola
“Sleep is not like a bank. Once you lose sleep, that’s it—you’re done.”
— Louisa Nicola
“Only after one week of six hours of sleep a night you’re changing your epigenetics… around 3% of our entire genome.”
— Louisa Nicola
“One second for LeBron James can mean the difference between winning and losing.”
— Louisa Nicola
“Everybody should get a cold bath. I absolutely love it… I don’t do it for less than 12 minutes.”
— Louisa Nicola
Questions Answered in This Episode
How could a non‑athlete design a simple weekly routine that meaningfully improves reaction time, decision‑making, and sleep without access to lab‑grade tools?
Neuroscientist and performance coach Louisa Nicola explains how she optimizes the brains of elite athletes and high‑stakes traders using neuroscience, sleep science, and targeted training. ...
Get the full analysis with uListen AI
Given the genetic and hormonal impacts of chronic undersleep, what is the minimum sustainable sleep strategy for people in unavoidable high‑pressure, long‑hour jobs?
A major focus is sleep quality—especially deep and REM sleep—and its impact on immunity, hormones, reaction time, and information processing speed, with evidence that even one week of six‑hour nights alters the expression of hundreds of genes. ...
Get the full analysis with uListen AI
How should someone prioritize between wearables (Oura, WHOOP), a cooling mattress, supplements, and training if they only have the budget to optimize one or two levers?
Nicola outlines practical training methods such as Zone 2 cardio, hand‑eye and balance drills, mouth taping, breathwork, and cold/heat exposure, emphasizing consistency over hacks. ...
Get the full analysis with uListen AI
What are the ethical and practical implications of continuously EEG‑monitoring traders or athletes to predict ‘good’ and ‘bad’ performance states in real time?
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As psychedelics move into clinical practice for depression, what safeguards and evidence would be required before even considering their use around performance domains like sport or trading?
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Transcript Preview
There's many studies that have been done on basketball players. A lack of sleep can go through and interfere with reaction time. It can interfere with visual acuity, their ability to see the ball at the speed of light and react to it. So that's the software things. Their ability to think fast, that really goes down, and that's diminished. One second for LeBron James can mean the difference between winning and losing, right?
(wind blowing) Louisa Nicola, welcome to the show.
(laughs) Chris, so happy to be here.
How would you describe what you do for work?
Well, uh, my company, Neurathletics, is literally the intersection of neuroscience and athletic performance. Uh, a-around six years ago, I would say, six years ago, 2016, I saw a gap in that market, where I was looking at athletes, I was training athletes. I had a neuroscience background and I thought, "Why is everybody obsessed with making these athletes better by just working on their speed and agility? Why are we not working on their brains?" The brain is the powerhouse of the entire system. So that's what I did. I just started my company and started working on the brain.
Okay. But you don't just work with athletes, right?
Correct. So right now... So at the start, at the conception, Neurathletics was purely athletes, and then we moved into an only, uh, Major League Soccer, NFL, and NBA pathway. And then just by chance, two years ago, we, uh, we got the attention of the finance world. And let me tell you, their brains are, uh, their brains are, are in dire need of Neuroathletics. So we now service, uh, some of the financial world.
What's the similarities between a portfolio manager and an athlete?
Uh, lack of sleep, first and foremost. Secondly, competitiveness. Thirdly, they've got that ability to do whatever it takes. They're not just getting up for a, for a day job at 9:00 AM and putting their suit on. They have to train like athletes to get the best results. Some of the guys I'm working with tell me, "Louisa, if I don't make this trade tonight, if I'm not in the peak state to make a good trade, I could lose $30 million."
Okay. So slightly high stakes. When you actually put it like that, you think, "Oh, he's kicking a ball about." You know? He's kicking-
Yeah.
... a ba- kicking a ball into a goal. What does it matter? It's not $30 million. Um, you said that both of them were underslept. Do you find that your athletes, on average, are underslept? Is that something specific to athletes, or do you think that this is just the entire world is underslept and athletes are a subsection of the world?
Very good question. So I think everybody, not just athletes and portfolio managers, I think everybody is underslept. Now, just 12 hours ago on Twitter, I posted a tweet saying, "Guys, I think I have it all wrong. I've been talking about sleep deprivation, but instead, why don't I talk about, why don't we say REM sleep deprivation or slow-wave sleep deprivation?" I think, um, I think we've got it all wrong when we talk about sleep deprivation. Now, a lot of people in society are sleep-deprived. Now, sleep-deprived is classified as six hours or less. I live in New York City. Almost everybody in the city is sleeping six hours or less. It's a hustle city. But then also, now because of technology, because of what we're eating, because of how we're going out, the fact that the pandemic has brought us inside, we are being exposed to things that are keeping us up longer throughout the night, but also disrupting our patterns of getting into deep sleep and slow-wave and, and REM sleep. So I coined this, this new phenomenon, I think, of 2022. Instead of somebody saying, "I'm sleep-deprived," I'm gonna say, "Well, what part of sleep-deprived are you?" D- Are you lacking REM sleep or you're lacking deep sleep?
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