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How to Control Your Inner Voice & Increase Your Resilience | Dr. Ethan Kross

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Ethan Kross, Ph.D., professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, director of the Emotion & Self-Control Laboratory, and author of the bestselling book Chatter. We discuss the purpose of the inner voice in your head and its impact on emotional well-being and motivation. We also explore practical tools to manage negative internal chatter and eliminate intrusive thoughts. Topics include how music, exercise, mental distancing techniques, and expressive writing can help rescript your inner dialogue to be self-encouraging and effective in creating outward behavioral changes. Dr. Kross explains why venting to others is self-defeating and offers better alternatives. Throughout the episode, he provides research-supported, actionable protocols to help you shift your internal dialogue and accompanying emotional state, fostering greater happiness and resilience. Access the full show notes for this episode: https://go.hubermanlab.com/kgs7A7i *Thank you to our sponsors* AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman Joovv: https://joovv.com/huberman Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman *Dr. Ethan Kross* Website: https://www.ethankross.com Shift: Managing Your Emotions—So They Don’t Manage You: https://amzn.to/3AZtfP5 Chatter: The Voice in Our Head, Why It Matters, and How to Harness It: https://amzn.to/3V8PB7H Lab Website: https://selfcontrol.psych.lsa.umich.edu University of Michigan academic profile: https://michiganross.umich.edu/faculty-research/faculty/ethan-kross Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ethankross Threads: https://www.threads.net/@ethankross X: https://x.com/ethan_kross LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ekross *Timestamps* 00:00:00 Dr. Ethan Kross 00:02:45 Sponsors: ExpressVPN & Eight Sleep 00:05:38 Inner Voice & Benefits 00:10:33 Music & Emotions 00:15:09 Shifting Emotions, Emotional Congruency, Facial Expressions 00:20:25 Resistance to Shifting Emotion; Tool: Invisible Support, Affectionate Touch 00:27:16 Tool: Expressive Writing; Sensory Shifters 00:30:41 Sponsors: AG1 & Joovv 00:33:27 Inner Voice Benefits, Thinking vs. Writing, Tool: Journaling 00:44:01 Decision Making, Individualization; Tool: Exercise 00:50:24 “Chatter,” Trauma, Depression, Anxiety 00:54:37 Sponsor: Function 00:56:25 Tool: Combating Chatter, Mental Distancing; Distraction & Social Media 01:04:30 Tools: 2 AM Chatter Strategy, Mental Time Travel; Venting 01:13:41 Time, Chatter & Flow 01:18:01 Focusing on Present, Mental Time Travel 01:22:49 Texting, Social Media, Sharing Emotions 01:28:31 AI & Individualized Tools for Emotional Regulation 01:33:07 Imaginary Friend, Developing Inner Voice; Negative Emotions 01:40:20 Tool: Nature & Cognitive Restoration; Awe; Screens, Modifying Spaces 01:49:34 Cities vs. Nature, Organizing Space & Compensatory Control 01:56:00 Emotional Regulation & Shifters, Screens 02:01:19 Historical Approaches to Manage Emotions; Motivation & Mental Tools 02:10:12 Mechanical & Behavioral Interventions, Emotional Regulation 02:15:52 Tool: Stop Intrusive Voices; Anxiety 02:21:55 Assessing Risk & Consequence; Flow & Cognitive Engagement 02:31:02 “Cognitive Velocity”; Resetting 02:36:43 Transition States, Tool: Goal Pursuit & WOOP 02:43:59 Attention, Emotional Flexibility; Avoidance 02:54:15 Emotional Contagion 03:00:22 Validating Emotions, Wisdom; Shift Book 03:06:59 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter #HubermanLab #EthanKross #Science #Psychology #Resilience Disclaimer: https://www.hubermanlab.com/disclaimer

Andrew HubermanhostDr. Ethan Krossguest
Nov 24, 20243h 9mWatch on YouTube ↗

At a glance

WHAT IT’S REALLY ABOUT

Mastering Inner Chatter: Science-Based Tools To Steer Your Emotions

  1. Andrew Huberman and psychologist Ethan Kross explore the science of the inner voice—what Kross calls our “inner chatter”—and how it can both help and harm us. They distinguish between the useful inner voice (planning, rehearsal, self-control) and its dark side, where looping thoughts fuel anxiety, depression, and trauma-related distress. Kross lays out evidence-based tools for emotion regulation, including distancing techniques, mental time travel, expressive writing, music and sensory “shifters,” nature exposure, social support done correctly, and structuring environments and culture. They also discuss intrusive thoughts, social media, emotional contagion, and how to build personal “if-then” plans (WOOP) so your emotions don’t run your life.

IDEAS WORTH REMEMBERING

5 ideas

Treat chatter as the dark side of a powerful inner voice, not proof something is “wrong” with you.

The inner voice is a mental Swiss army knife: it supports working memory (e.g., rehearsing a phone number), planning (rehearsing talks, conversations), and self-control (coaching yourself through workouts or difficult tasks). Chatter is when this system goes off the rails—looping endlessly on worries, regrets, or self-criticism without progress. Recognizing chatter as a *process* rather than a diagnosis helps you intervene earlier and avoid sliding into anxiety, depression, or trauma-related spirals.

Use distancing tools—especially third-person self-talk and temporal distancing—as first-line defenses against chatter.

Kross’s own go-to tools are (1) “distanced self-talk”: talking to yourself using your name and “you” (e.g., “Ethan, how are you going to handle this?”), which automatically shifts you into an advisor perspective and taps into the fact that we give better advice to others than to ourselves; and (2) “temporal distancing”: mental time travel into tomorrow, next week, or 10 years ahead (“How will you feel about this tomorrow morning?”). At 2–3 a.m. especially, this reframes the problem as temporary and almost always smaller in the light of day, turning down the volume enough to go back to sleep.

Expressive writing and structured talking impose order on chaotic thought streams and reduce emotional load.

The Pennebaker expressive writing protocol—writing freely about a difficult experience for 15–20 minutes per day for 1–3 days—has hundreds of studies showing benefits for mental and physical health. Writing (and, to a lesser extent, talking) forces your inner chaos into sentences and stories, which naturally gives structure and perspective compared with silently ruminating. It’s effortful, so underused, but especially potent when you feel stuck replaying a problem without insight.

Leverage sensory and environmental “shifters” (music, touch, places, nature) for fast, low-effort emotional regulation.

Music is a powerful but underutilized emotion regulator: people say they listen to it “to feel better,” yet rarely report using it *deliberately* when upset. Strategic use of playlists (before big events, when unmotivated, or to match/process a mood) can reliably shift state. Affectionate, wanted touch (hand on shoulder, hug, back rub) releases stress-buffering chemistry across the lifespan. Green spaces and awe-inspiring environments (ancient trees, galaxies, Mars rover images) broaden perspective (“shrink the self”), making problems feel smaller and restoring attentional capacity.

Not all venting helps; the right kind of social support must move beyond empathy to perspective-broadening and problem-solving.

Simply “getting it out” and repeatedly venting to friends often leads to co-rumination: you feel closer to the person but your distress remains or worsens. Kross recommends a personal “chatter advisory board” of people who first validate and empathize, then actively help you zoom out, reframe, and strategize. For helping others, invisible support—reducing their load without making a show of it (picking up dry cleaning, sending food, sharing best practices in a group)—helps without triggering reactance or implying they’re incompetent.

WORDS WORTH SAVING

5 quotes

I think of chatter as the dark side of the inner voice.

Ethan Kross

We are much better at giving advice to others than we are at taking that same advice ourselves.

Ethan Kross

If you experience chatter, welcome to the human condition, my friends, because most of us do at times.

Ethan Kross

All emotions are functional when they are experienced in the right proportions—not too intensely and not too long.

Ethan Kross

Shift: Managing Your Emotions So They Don’t Manage You—that’s really the problem we’ve been facing for a while.

Ethan Kross

The inner voice vs. destructive chatter: functions, origins, and risksEvidence-based emotion regulation tools (distancing, mental time travel, expressive writing)Sensory and environmental “shifters” (music, nature, touch, space design)Intrusive thoughts, trauma, and transdiagnostic mental health mechanismsSocial media, texting, and technology as emotional amplifiers or toolsEmotional contagion in groups, relationships, and online contextsGoal-setting and implementation plans (WOOP, if-then rules) for better self-control

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